The aim of this paper is to examine the determinant of profitability differences in Chinese productive service … decomposition framework to disassemble the specific factors' contribution to profitability difference and combine it to calculate … ownership types, unproductive expenditure and financing channel, play significant role in shaping profitability difference. In …

in import restrictions in Ghana impacted on the performance of firms in terms of profitability in the private sector …? This paper attempts to answer this question by investigating the effects of tariffs on the profitability of private firms … in the manufacturing sector using firm-level data. Profitability is measured as the net profit margin of a firm. For our …