We provide ex-post empirical analysis of the effects of climate policies on carbon dioxide emissions at the aggregate national level. Our results are based on a comprehensive database of 121 countries. As climate policies we examine carbon taxes and emissions trading systems (ETS), as well as...

This study examines the effects of urbanization and industrialization on carbon emissions for a panel of 156 countries and various income groups over the period 1990-2014 employing the first and second-generation tests. To address the issues of heterogeneity, endogeneity, and cross-sectional...