are regulated, including the need to obtain a charter to operate and explicit and implicit federal guarantees of bank … liabilities to reduce the probability of bank runs. These aspects of banking affect a bankś choice of risk vs. expected return …, which, in turn, affects bank performance. Banks have an incentive to reduce risk to protect the valuable charter from …

portfolio production that was estimated for a sample of highest-level U.S. bank holding companies in Hughes, Lang, Mester, and … experience clear gains in their financial performance, but society also benefits from the enhanced bank safety that follows from …

method, and a number of bank, market, and regulatory characteristics. We review the existing literature and provide new …

use. We use a dataset of 564 bank loans on French firms, which contains the full information on type and value of …

use the portfolio approach to assess the optimal risk-return combination of a bank’s portfolio, based on data for 32 … categories of loans. It provides a benchmark for the optimality of the bank’s portfolio. The authors apply this method on an …