Ideal economics? A “non-ideal” economics approach has been proposed, which considers the possibility of arrangement infringements. It gives promises for both solving fundamental problems of economic theory and creation of new directions and fields of research. The approach application in...

This study evaluates substitution of foreign currency balances in Estonia, a transition economy neighbouring countries participating in EMU. The focus is on substitution between dollar and euro balances in the three basic functions of money – unit of account, store of value and means of...

This paper offers two main contributions. First, it shows how the Baxter and Jermann (1997) claim that, once we consider human capital risk, the international diversification puzzle is worse than we think, is based on an econometric misspecification rejected by the data. Second, it outlines how,...

This paper analyzes the dynamics and determinants of the relative benefits of geographical and industry diversification over the last 30 years. First, we develop a new structural regime-switching volatility spillover model to decompose total risk into a systematic and a country (industry)...

Closed-end country funds trade in New York at their price. Their Net Asset Value (NAV) represent the value of the underlying assets, usually traded in each particular country. If the holders of the underlying assets have more information about local assets than the country fund holders, changes...

This paper proposes a framework for comovements of asset prices with seemingly unrelated fundamentals, as an outcome of optimal portfolio strategies by fund managers. In emerging markets, dedicated managers outperforming a benchmark index and global managers maximizing absolute returns lead to...

We apply a new approach to a new panel data set on bilateral=20 gross cross-border equity flows between 14 countries, 1989- 96. The model=20 integrates elements of the finance literature on portfolio composition and= =20 the international macroeconomics and asset trade literature. Gross asset=20...