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Location of R&D and High-Tech Production by Vertically Integrated Multinationals

Ekholm, Karolina; Hakkala, Katariina - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 2004

This paper presents evidence that, in Europe, production of high-tech goods is attracted to large markets, while R&D activities tend to be located away from them. In order to explain this phenomenon, we develop a two-country general equilibrium model where firms make separate choices about the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005419517

The Effect of Offshoring on Labor Demand: Evidence from Sweden

Ekholm, Karolina; Hakkala, Katariina - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 2005

We analyze the effects of offshoring of intermediate input production on labor demand in Sweden, distinguishing between … offshoring -- in particular to low-income countries -- tends to shift labor demand away from workers with an intermediate level … of education. Offshoring to high-income countries, which is the largest component of overall offshoring, does not have …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005645415

High-Technology Subsidies in General Equilibrium: A Sector-Specific Approach

Ekholm, Karolina; Torstensson, Johan - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 1996

We use a specific-factor model to examine the conditions under which policy-makers are able to increase aggregate production of high-tech goods by production or R&D-subsidies in the short and long run. The difficulties for the policy-makers in designing a subsidy scheme that succeeds in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010818401

Trade and Location with Horizontal and Vertical Multi-Region Firms

Ekholm, Karolina; Forslid, Rikard - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 1998

This paper analyses the effect on agglomeration tendencies of allowing firms to become multi-region firms in a standard model of trade and location. More specifically, we introduce horizontal and vertical multi-region firms into the core-periphery (CP) model developed by Krugman (1991). The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005645400

Revealed Factor Abundance and the Factor Content of Trade in Headquarter Services

Ekholm, Karolina - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 1995

No abstract.

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010818450

Swedish Multinational Corporations: Recent Trends in Foreign Activities

Braunerhjelm, Pontus; Ekholm, Karolina; Grundberg, Lennart - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 1996

This paper presents recent trends in the foreign activities of Swedish multinationals. The focus is on the distribution of production and R&D between the MNCs' domestic and foreign units, and the pattern of trade within the firms. Issues concerning entry modes and the importance of information...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010600192

Swedish Multinationals and Competition from High- and Low-Wage Locations

Braconier, Henrik; Ekholm, Karolina - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 1999

This study uses data on Swedish multinationals to estimate cross elasticities of labour demand in different locations. With a vertical decomposition of the firm's activities, whether there is substitution or complementarity between employment in different parts of the firm will depend on whether...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005207052

Does FDI Work as a Channel for R&D Spillovers? Evidence Based on Swedish Data

Braconier, Henrik; Ekholm, Karolina; Knarvik, Midelfart; … - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 2001

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are important in transmitting technology across national borders. Not only do they allow for transfer of technology within the firm, but it is also believed that they are important channels for international R&D spillovers as well. This paper analyzes empirically...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005207055

The Foreign Operations of Swedish Manufacturing Firms: Evidence from a Survey of Swedish Multinationals 1998

Ekholm, Karolina; Hesselman, Marie - Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN) - 2000

This paper presents the results of a survey of Swedish multinationals conducted in 1999. The survey was carried out in order to update an existing database on Swedish manufacturing firms with producing foreign affiliates collected by the Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IUI). The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005645299