countries the level of outsourcing reached its limits at the beginning of the new millennium. At the same time, the offshoring … expenditures approach that allows us to consistently analyse the role of i) outsourcing, ii) offshoring and iii) changes in final …

This study investigates the impact of international outsourcing to low? and high income countries on total factor … international outsourcing of material inputs to low income countries is significantly negatively related to productivity growth …. Furthermore, while the narrow measure of international outsourcing of materials is not significant, purchased services from abroad …