foreign patent owners. This paper uses an exogenous event of compulsory licensing after World War I under the Trading with the …

This paper studies the effects of the USPTO's patent secrecy program in World War II, under which over 11,000 U ….S. patent applications were issued secrecy orders which halted examination and prohibited inventors from disclosing their …

Incentives and assistance provided by TTOs, university policies, patent legislation and scientific disciplines are …

In this paper, we study the effect of invention disclosure through patent publication on the market for ideas. We do so … by analyzing the effects of the American Inventor’s Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA) — which required US patent applications … to be published 18 months after their filing date rather than at patent grant — on the timing of licensing deals in the …

China has surpassed the United States in patent applications and has become world leader. Strong patenting activity … by electronics manufacturers. State-owned firms spend more on R&D per patent, but hold fewer patents per researcher than … patent holders. Furthermore, the paper examines what drives patenting activity. Higher R&D spending by the firm and higher …

Patent Office exercises regularly and effectively: technology classification. This agency-court asymmetry has persisted for … decades but has now become unmanageably problematic for two related reasons. First, Supreme Court guidance, patent reform … legislation, and academic commentary have all broadly rejected long-standing patent exceptionalism in administrative law, while …

To study how governments can improve the quality of patent screening, we develop an integrative framework incorporating … four main policy instruments: patent office examination, pre- and post-grant fees, and challenges in the courts. We show …. Simulations of the model, calibrated on U.S. patent and litigation data, indicate that patenting is socially excessive and the …

A bedrock principle of patent law is that old inventions cannot be patented. And a new use for an old invention does … not render the old invention patentable. This is because patent law requires novelty—an invention must be new. But while a …, new-use patents comprise a significant part of the patent landscape—particularly in pharmaceuticals, when drug companies …

It is a crucial function of patent examination to make the patent scope consistent with the contribution of the … invention to the state of the art. We assess this function using newly developed data on the scope of Japanese patent …

The prevailing historical accounts of the formation of the US aircraft “patent pool” in 1917 assume the US government … necessarily intervened to alleviate a patent hold-up among private aircraft manufacturers. We show these accounts to be … no patent barriers in the market dominated by government demand. We show that the notion of the aircraft patent hold …