adoptive parents. We argue that the impact from biological parents captures broad pre-birth factors, including genes and … prenatal environment, and the impact from adoptive parents represents broad post-birth factors, such as childhood environment …, for the intergenerational association in education and income. We find that both pre- and post-birth factors contribute to …

-birth factors, respectively. We find a significant association between the educational attainment of the adopting parents and child …

Recent studies that aim to estimate the causal link between the education of parents and their children provide …. Finally, we conclude that income is a mechanism linking parent's and children's schooling, that can partly explain the …

We review the empirical literature that estimates the causal effect of parent’s schooling on child’s schooling, and …

adoptive parents. We argue that the impact from biological parents captures broad pre-birth factors, including genes and … prenatal environment, and the impact from adoptive parents represents broad post-birth factors, such as childhood environment …, for the intergenerational association in education and income. We find that both pre- and post-birth factors contribute to …

parents' siblings and cousins, their spouses, and the spouses' siblings. Using various human capital measures, we show that … extended family relative to the parents increases. …