currencies, we present a new visualisation of money. Using three novel figures, we distinguish between the relevant mechanisms …, technologies, recordkeeping, and transactions of various forms of money, as well as the classifications of different types of money …, which use the software-based cryptographically secured recordkeeping, that support the issue of money with a credible …

money should co-exist and interact with existing forms of money. This paper evaluates three different scenarios for the … implementation of CBDC in terms of their monetary policy implications. In the ‘money user scenario' CBDC co-exists with both cash and … commercial bank deposits. In the ‘money manager scenario' cash is abolished and CBDC co-exists only with commercial bank deposits …