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Where Are the Real Bottlenecks? Evidence from 20,000 Firms in 60 Countries about the Shadow Costs of Constraints to Firm Performance
Carlin, Wendy; Schaffer, Mark; Seabright, Paul - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007
We use data from over 20,000 firms in 60 countries to identify constraints on the growth of firms. We interpret managers’ answers to survey questions on the extent to which various aspects of their external environment inhibit the performance of their firm as measuring the shadow cost of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005763555
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Does Gender Matter for Firm Performance? Evidence from Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Sabarwal, Shwetlena; Terrell, Katherine - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
Using 2005 firm level data for 26 ECA countries, this paper estimates performance gaps between male- and female-owned businesses, while controlling for their location by industry and country. We find that female entrepreneurs have significantly smaller scale of operations (as measured by sales...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005700969
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Investment Climate and Employment Growth: The Impact of Access to Finance, Corruption and Regulations Across Firms
Pages, Carmen; Aterido, Reyes; Hallward-Driemeier, Mary - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007
Using firm level data on 70,000 enterprises in 107 countries, this paper finds important effects of access to finance … systematically by firm types. Micro and small firms have less access to formal finance, pay more in bribes than do larger firms, and … downward the size distribution of firms. In the case of finance and business regulations this occurs by reducing the employment …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762082
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The Drivers of Happiness Inequality: Suggestions for Promoting Social Cohesion
Becchetti, Leonardo; Massari, Riccardo; Naticchioni, Paolo - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
are negligible. Second, among composition effects, education has an inequality-reducing impact, while the increase in … clear cut policy implication is that policies enhancing education and economic performance contribute to reduce happiness …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010990914
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Child Labor and Learning
Emerson, Patrick M.; Ponczek, Vladimir; Portela Souza, … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
This paper investigates the impact of working while in school on learning outcomes through the use of a unique micro panel dataset of students in the São Paulo municipal school system. The potential endogeneity of working decisions and learning outcomes is addressed through the use of a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884083
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The Impact of Adolescent Motherhood on Education in Chile
Berthelon, Matias; Kruger, Diana - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
. Furthermore, effects are heterogeneous across education groups: teen motherhood has larger negative effects on high school … completion and years of schooling among poor and low-education households. Our results imply that policies aimed at reducing … early childbearing will have important short-term effects on young women's education outcomes. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884092
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Does Grief Transfer across Generations? In-Utero Deaths and Child Outcomes
Black, Sandra E.; Devereux, Paul J.; Salvanes, Kjell G. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
While much is now known about the effects of physical health shocks to pregnant women on the outcomes of the in-utero child, we know little about the effects of psychological stresses. One clear form of stress to the mother comes from the death of a parent. We examine the effects of the death of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884097
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Does Secular Education Impact Religiosity, Electoral Participation and the Propensity to Vote for Islamic Parties? Evidence from an Education Reform in a Muslim Country
Cesur, Resul; Mocan, Naci - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
secular education reform, decreases women's propensity to identify themselves as religious, lowers their tendency to wear a … religious head cover (head scarf, turban or burka) and increases the tendency for modernity. Education reduces women …'s propensity to vote for Islamic parties. There is no statistically significant impact of education on men's religiosity or their …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884146
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Making Sense of Arab Labor Markets: The Enduring Legacy of Dualism
Assaad, Ragui - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
It is well-established that Arab labor markets share certain common characteristics, including an oversized public sector, high unemployment for educated youth, weak private sector dependent on government welfare for their survival, rapid growth in educational attainment, but much of it focused...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884150
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Gender and Race Heterogeneity: The Impact of Increases in Students with Limited English on Native Students' Performance
Diette, Timothy M.; Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
The influx of immigrants has shifted the ethnic composition of public schools in many states including North Carolina. Recent evidence from North Carolina suggests that increases in Limited English students' concentration have led to a slight decline in performance solely for students at the top...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884163