In many industries broad cross-license agreements are considered a useful method to obtain freedom to operate and to avoid patent litigation. In this paper I study the previously neglected dynamic trade-off between litigating and cross-licensing that firms face to protect their intellectual...

Institutionalist approaches to the study of the firm which emerged in the last two decades have tended to be dominated by static models of both firms and institutions. As a form of ?equilibrium? analysis which holds factors constant in order to allow a deeper understanding of how they are...