demand response automation communications technologies known as Automated Demand Response (Auto-DR). In 2007, LBNL worked … and congestion, occur that threaten supply-demand balance, or market conditions raise supply costs. California utilities … have offered price and reliability DR based programs to customers to help reduce electric peak demand. The lack of …

opportunities and barriers to implementation of Automated Demand Response (Auto-DR) systems in California industries. Auto-DR is an … open, interoperable communications and technology platform designed to: Provide customers with automated, electronic price … and reliability signals; Provide customers with capability to automate customized DR strategies; Automate DR, providing …

specifications and communications standards is given and their applicability to DLC or FCLC. In general FCLC adds more cost and … owner has more freedom of choice in how to respond to DR events on the grid. Both approaches are in use today in automation … systems for managing demand response, (2)Facility systems for implementing load control, (3)Communications networks for …

competitive electricity market with reliability requirements, we model a spot market for electricity and futures markets for both … corresponding market-clearing prices. We show that future prices for both electricity and AS depend on expectations of the spot … will affect the equilibrium futures positions of both electricity and AS. We apply our model to the California electricity …

California electric utilities have been exploring the use of dynamic critical peak prices (CPP) and other demand … automation in DR can be defined as follows: Manual Demand Response involves a potentially labor-intensive approach such as … communications signal. The receipt of the external signal initiates pre-programmed demand response strategies. They refer to this as …

activities to reduce or shift electricity use to improve the electric grid reliability and manage electricity costs. Fully … external communications signal. We refer to this as Auto-DR. The evaluation of the control and communications must be properly …

they can be made more effective in controlling summer peaks and attendant high prices of electricity. Particular attention …-long trend of declining reserve margins. Competition among generators is typically robust, holding down wholesale energy prices … advantages that restructuring can offer. Electricity is a form of energy that is difficult to store economically in large …

, reliability, and risk of the electricity supplied to end-use customers. In balancing different supply options, utilities …Electricity markets in the United States have witnessed unprecedented instability over the last few years, with … substantial volatility in wholesale market prices, significant financial distress among major industry organizations, and …

California utilities have been exploring the use of critical peak prices (CPP) to help reduce needle peaks in customer … facilities. Many electricity customers have suggested that automation will help them institutionalize their electric demand … limited knowledge of how to operate their facilities in order to reduce their electricity costs under CPP (Quantum 2004 …

cross-sector Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society (ISA) Technical Reports (TR) 99 -1 and -2 to the Framework …