conditions, including expectations of river flows and runoff, market opportunities, availability of reservoir storage, energy …The Pacific Northwest Loads and Resources Study (White Book) is published annually by BPA and establishes the planning … basis for supplying electricity to customers. It serves a dual purpose. First, the White Book presents projections of …

model-based scenario, in which wind energy provides 20% of the U.S. electricity demand in 2030. The report discusses a set … already have a high penetration of wind power (i.e., in the range of 7 to 20% of electricity consumption in countries such as … Germany, Spain, Portugal, and Denmark). The rapid growth in installed wind power capacity is expected to continue in the …

degrading way, (2) eliminates the need to build significant amounts of new fossil-fueled, electric generating capacity, saving … to existing conditions in Hainan. This Report applies the principles of integrated resource planning (IRP) and the …

degrading way, (2) eliminates the need to build significant amounts of new fossil-fueled, electric generating capacity, saving … to existing conditions in Hainan. This Report applies the principles of integrated resource planning (IRP) and the …

advantages that restructuring can offer. Electricity is a form of energy that is difficult to store economically in large … quantities. However, loads often have some ability to (1) conveniently store thermal energy and (2) defer electricity consumption …. These inherent storage and control capabilities can be exploited to help reduce peak electric system consumption. In some …

, control, and transmit electricity in support of the basic services of generating capacity, energy supply, and power delivery …. Storage technologies should be ideal suppliers of several ancillary services, including regulation, contingency reserves … for emerging storage technologies. This report briefly explores the various ancillary services that may be of interest to …

Peak power demand issues have come to the fore recently because of the California electricity crisis. Uncertainties … times associated with building new capacity, the lack of price response in the face of time-varying costs, the large … difference between peak demand and average demand, and the necessity for real-time delivery of electricity all make the …

This paper is intended to provide an understanding of the needs of a restructured electricity market and some of the … restructuring. It discusses generation and transmission planning, control and the regulatory process. It also summarizes reliability … construction of new transmission using tariffs. The California and PJM transmission planning processes are outlined. The Federal …

can all play a role in the success or failure of the market. These factors along with the mix of generation capacity … resources and customer responses. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has developed the Oak Ridge Competitive Electricity …