import electricity, numerous plant outages, and exercise of market power by generators drove up wholesale electricity prices …California's restructured electricity markets opened on 1 April 1998. The former investor-owned utilities were … divested, and the retail market was opened to competition. To ensure that small customers shared in the expected benefit of …

market (Kirby and Kueck 1999). Yet, in today's markets for electricity, little or no such response is evident. In effect …Recent electricity price spikes are painful reminders of the value that meaningful demand-side responses could bring to … the restructuring US electricity system. Review of the aggregate offers made by suppliers confirms that even a modest …

Demand response (DR) has been broadly recognized to be an integral component of well-functioning electricity markets … utility commissions (PUC) and utilities have considered implementing dynamic pricing tariffs, such as real-time pricing (RTP …), and other retail pricing mechanisms that communicate an incentive for electricity consumers to reduce their usage during …

to New York Independent System Operator (NYISO) day-ahead market prices. The study was funded by the California Energy … used to judge how effectively RTP actually induces DR, particularly in the context of restructured electricity markets …)'s SC-3A rate class. The SC-3A tariff is a type of RTP that provides firm, day-ahead notice of hourly varying prices indexed …

integration, even as the retailers themselves are forced to purchase electricity at volatile wholesale prices set in open markets … stability is threatened. This, then, facilitates many other problems associated with electricity markets, such as market power …Regardless of the form of restructuring, deregulated electricity industries share one common feature: the absence of …

This paper is intended to provide an understanding of the needs of a restructured electricity market and some of the … market methods and systems that have developed to address those needs. Chapter 2 discusses the historic market framework of … construction of new transmission using tariffs. The California and PJM transmission planning processes are outlined. The Federal …

collect or properly price electricity usage handicaps the success of almost all efficiency and demand response options …

revenue forecast for the Market Power Study, WP-07-E-BPA-03; (3) provide base data to derive billing determinants for the …

electric restructuring efforts in many states is that most of the attention has been focused on the supply side, in a market … focused on the short term. In general, the demand side of the market has been under-addressed. The objective of the New … market and to improve the economic efficiency and environmental profile of the electric sector. To those ends, NEDRI is …

/provinces with demand response (DR) in the electricity sector. Demand-side resources are often overlooked as a viable option for … the form of decreased grid congestion, improved system reliability, market efficiency, price stabilization, hedging … against volatile fuel prices and reduced environmental impacts of energy production. This report describes the various types …