efficiency performance. Less attention has been paid to monitoring and enforcement with a minimal commitment of resources and …; household refrigerators; clothes washers; and unitary air conditioners. These programs have had an important impact in reducing … little expansion of administrative capacity in this area. Thus, market compliance with both mandatory standard and labeling …

Section 1, Section 2 analyzes the distribution of the efficiency of refrigerators and air-conditioners in China based on data …The minimum energy efficiency standards program for household appliances in China was initiated in 1989. Since 1996 …) for 9 products and endorsement labels for 11 products including: refrigerators; air conditioners; clothes washers …

-standard efficiency of models on the market for three products: (1) Refrigerators (1990, 1993, and 2001 standards); (2) Room air …Energy efficiency standards for appliances mandate that appliance manufacturers not manufacture or import models that … floor for energy efficiency. But do they also induce more significant changes in the efficiencies that manufacturers offer …

efficiency; each program is thus subject to specific constraints. The market and policy contexts are different, with the USA … energy efficiency is based on current market, while the US approach uses prospective estimates. Both approaches may benefit … financial impacts on manufacturers is less detailed than that of the US, the Australian treatment of impacts on market shares …

impacts of energy efficiency increases over a sample population of consumers to quantify the proportion of households having … derive the incremental change in retail prices associated with increased manufacturing costs for improving energy efficiency. …

This report summarizes our study of the price elasticity of demand for home appliances, including refrigerators … of impact the increased manufacturing costs caused by higher efficiency requirements will have on appliance sales. We … goods.We then describe the market for home appliances and changes in this market over the past 20 years, performing …

same year. As in the case of refrigerators, the air conditioner program introduces Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards …) Impacts on the current market from efficiency regulations. (3) National energy and financial impacts. The analysis relied on … market-weighted efficiency levels. Section 3 deals with cost-effectiveness of higher efficiency design options. The cost …

large. Energy efficiency standards address a number of market failures that exist in the buildings sector. Decisions about …Energy efficiency standards set minimum levels of energy efficiency that must be met by new products. Depending on the … dynamics of the market and the level of the standard, the effect on the market for a given product may be small, moderate, or …

appliances: Refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and clothes dryers. At the present time, Sweden has no minimum … energy efficiency standards for residential appliances. This paper discusses the energy savings that could be obtained by … instituting specific standards for five product types (refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and dryers) starting …

appliances: Refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and clothes dryers. At the present time, Sweden has no minimum … energy efficiency standards for residential appliances. This paper discusses the energy savings that could be obtained by … instituting specific standards for five product types (refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, clothes washers, and dryers) starting …