's productivity. We compare outsourcing in domestic with foreign-owned establishments. Our empirical results suggest that high wages …-owned firms have higher levels of outsourcing than domestic establishments. In the productivity analysis we find that an … establishment's outsourcing intensity is positively related to its labour productivity and total factor productivity growth and that …

exporting and productivity shows that exporters on average are more efficient than nonexporters. If that is the case we may also …

hypotheses. First, that most of the recent increase in the dispersion of wages and productivity has occurred across … establishments and these changes are linked. Second, that the increased dispersion in wages and productivity across establishments is …-plant measures of wage and productivity dispersion have increased substantially over the last few decades; and (4) a significant …