A reasonable future for Europe can only be achieved if two essential elements are fulfilled: Firstly, newly established …

, rejection of migrations and strong preferences for law and order. Our study covers the period 2004 to 2018 and 25 European …

mainstream. This paper asks how public attitudes about such policies respond once an extreme party increases their political … elections where a party either barely wins or loses an additional seat. We estimate that a one seat increase for the far …-right, anti-immigration party decreases negative attitudes towards immigration by 4.1 percentage points, in opposition to the …

voters’ preferences. We investigate the reverse effect: Are the electorates’ policy preferences responsive to party positions … the preferences of specific partisan groups with their preferred party’s position on the policy under consideration …

returns to holding political office in a typical developed democracy where parties are the main political actors. By applying …

close to no party – the rise of the “no party” – which, today, is close to constituting an absolute majority. We develop a … that the rise of the “no party” is driven much more by a secular trend (period effects) than by generation replacement … (cohort effects). We show that the increase in “no party” supporters and in their turnout behavior can explain 80% of the …

extent to which legislators deviate from the party line. Our findings align well with the citizen-candidate framework, where …

Does party competition affect political activism? This paper studies the decision of party supporters to join political … campaigns. We present a framework that incorporates supporters' instrumental and expressive motives and illustrates that party … competition can either increase or decrease party activism. To distinguish between these competing predictions, we implemented a …

finding evidence of asymmetry at the party level, the NARDL results uncover two new stylized facts for ENP at the national … party level: (i) a continual rise in the short run fringe after 1945; and (ii) a concomitant long run decline in ENP to … about 1.5 (below Duverger's prediction of 2). The long run time path in ENP at the party level is inversely correlated with …