EU are related to technology gap variables - R&D intensity and R&D embedded in purchased equipment and machinery - and …). Given that, our results also show a widening productivity gap between the countries of the EU periphery (South and East) and …

This paper explores the impact of EU membership on foreign direct investment (FDI). It analyses empirically how the … gravity framework on annual bilateral FDI data for almost every country in the world, over 1985-2018, we find EU membership … leads FDI into the host economy to be about 60% higher for investment from outside the EU, and around 50% higher for intra-EU …

Intra‐EU mobility has been the subject of debate from its very inception. Some scholars argue that intra‐EU labour … migration improves the allocation of human capital in the EU and contend that the level of permanent‐type labour mobility is … with high levels of short term service mobility. Service mobility/posting is as much a phenomenon of intra‐EU15 mobility …

since self-employment is on the rise in many countries, particularly own-account self-employment. Drawing on EU-SILC data …

or exceed the EU's at-risk-of poverty threshold, set at 60 per cent of median equivalent household income in each country …

ultimately on economic growth in EU, but it is limited in magnitude. Moreover, the effect of FDI on growth is stronger for New EU …

At the European level and in most EU member states, higher employment levels are seen as key to better poverty outcomes …

The Directive on Adequate Minimum Wages represents a watershed initiative adding substance to the EU's social dimension … how minimum wages and collective bargaining affect low pay. Using a time series cross-section of EU-SILC for income years …