. Violence and conflicts increased in Mexican municipalities suitable for opium production, as they became highly valuable to drug … cartels. People migrated out of these municipalities to escape this violence, mostly to areas close to the US border and into …

history of violence. We find that being in a drinking environment, rather than intoxication, reduces participants' cognitive … results suggest that individuals underestimate their true likelihood of becoming involved in violence when making alcohol … consumption decisions. This presents additional challenges when formulating policy designed to deter alcohol-fuelled violence. …

violence in turn increases the income of the protection providers. The result is a violence multiplier. Combining elements from … example, a decrease in the cost of violence increases violence more than pari passu and increases the value of being a … criminal. The violence multiplier also generates an incentive for the protection providers to welcome new partners into the …

victimization surveys and compares the role of individual and family characteristics for five forms of childhood violence, including …, aggravated violence, and domestic abuse; that 30% of young victims of sex and threats will be victimized again; and that the …