This paper studies the problems of convergent and divergent tendencies in the functional allocation and structure of public expenditure in the EU Member States and the effect of the Stability and Growth Pact reform of year 2011 on them. The study is based on sigma convergence analysis. The...

Liberia's post-conflict reconstruction and rehabilitation has been successful. Peace, stability and security gradually returned and provided an enabling environment for the rebuilding of this war-torn country. Over the next five years (2013-2017), the Bank will focus on building infrastructure...

There is no clear-cut evidence on how the adoption of the European fi scal standards influences discretionary fi scal policies within the Member States. This study investigates that phenomenon on the example of the 2004 enlargement. The results show that the e ffects of the adoption of EU fiscal...

This paper assesses the optimal setting of fiscal spending and foreign exchange rate intervention policies in response to volatile foreign aid, in a small open economy model that incorporates typical features of low-income countries. Within a class of policy rules, it jointly considers the...