This paper analysis the implications of the judgment of the European Court of Justice in which it struck down the first European Union (EU) Tobacco Directive (case C-376/98) for harmonization measures in the European internal market. This judgment from 2000 is not only of vital important for the...

The operationalisation in late 2014 of European Regulation 1024/2013 conferring specific tasks on the European Central Bank concerning policies relating to the prudential supervision of credit institutions and establishing a Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSMR) has profoundly changed the European...

The impact of the European Union legal order on the private law systems of the Member States can only be fully understood when put in the broader context of the raison d'être of European integration and the emergence of a supranational legal order, as well when appreciating the basic mechanics...

The European financial and euro area debt crisis has exposed fundamental flaws of the system of economic governance in the euro area and namely of the legal framework introduced into primary Union law by the 1992/1993 Treaty on European Union governing economic policy coordination. This crisis...