China’s high income and wealth inequality has long attracted the interest of policymakers and re-searchers, yet … economic and policy changes on income distribution. After a quarter century of rapid, sustained increase, we see Chinese … inequality. We examine inequality trends through decomposition by income source and population subgroups, and consider possible …

, such as the urban–rural income gap, inequality within the urban sector, and inequality within the rural sector? Second, how …

- better cushions the poverty effects of income shocks in a developing economy. We compare the effectiveness of the three … benefit schemes on poverty first conceptually and then by considering two different crisis scenarios, the COVID-19 pandemic … the proxy-means-tested benefits are the most effective in reducing the poverty gap index, a simple categorical benefit is …

While increasing income inequality in China has been commented on and studied extensively, relatively little analysis …

. Health shocks are prevalent in tropical Africa where most countries have ecologies that make them vulnerable to not just …/AIDS, sexual activity is accompanied by extreme risk. Poor health, in its various guises, affects well-being and productivity of … individuals and households. Health risk thus permeates economic life in Africa, and to date health systems, and provision of …