outside enemy, 'brothers in arms' may already anticipate future internal conflict about dividing the spoils of winning …; however, this subsequent internal conflict does not discourage alliance members from expending much effort in the contest …

conflict and more intense fighting. …

This paper considers evolutionarily stable decisions about whether to initiate violent conflict rather than accepting a … of peaceful resource allocations that are rejected in favor of violent conflict, compared to the Nash equilibrium …

, R&D contests, electoral competition in political markets, military conflict and sports. I survey here this type of …

equally and peacefully. -- Alliance ; Conflict ; Contest ; Free-riding ; Hold-up problem ; In-group solidarity. …

alliance, and the role of in-group favoritism. -- Alliances ; contests ; conflict ; in-group favoritism …

outside enemy, "brothers in arms" may already anticipate future internal conflict about dividing the spoils of winning …; however, this subsequent internal conflict does not discourage alliance members from expending much effort in the contest … against the external enemy. -- Alliance ; conflict ; contest ; free-riding ; hold-up problem ; solidarity …

outside enemy, "brothers in arms" may already anticipate future internal conflict about dividing the spoils of winning …; however, this subsequent internal conflict does not discourage alliance members from expending much effort in the contest … against the external enemy. -- alliance ; conflict ; contest ; free-riding ; hold-up problem ; solidarity …

by which the allocation of prizes are governed by possibly repeated conflict. Our results contribute to an explanation … why. Compared to a single-stage conflict, such structures can reduce the overall resources that are dissipated among the …