. Where licensing fails, follow-on innovation is blocked unless firms gain FTO through patent invalidation. Using large … patentee's product market. Here, transaction costs likely exceed the joint surplus of licensing, causing licensing failure. In …

This paper considers the impact of the intellectual property (IP) system on the timing of cooperation/licensing by … start-up technology entrepreneurs. If the market for technology licenses is efficient, the timing of licensing is … independent of the patent grant date, and productive efficiency considerations will result in licensing as early as possible after …

innovation and a private sector, for-profit business model that implements the ideas on innovation and entrepreneurship …

combine unusually large numbers of knowledge elements — for public sector entrepreneurship to speed the pace of technological …