In some industries, wage negotiations are conducted not only by labour unions covering the whole sector but also by … craft unions representing single occupations. A comprehensive evaluation of wage disputes in Germany shows that craft unions … are especially confrontational. Particular problems arise if several confl ict-prone unions representing employees of the …

trade unions in Germany declined to less than 18 per cent. This was the lowest level since German unification. An in … membership decline will continue if the unions do not succeed in organising more women, young people and white collar workers …. Furthermore, unions have not yet been able to profit from scepticism towards liberal economic policies, which has slightly grown …