substantial reallocation of labor to the unregulated sector while formal employment was on gradual decline. The paper overviews … employment and earnings as well as the associated political economy challenges and consequences. …

The goal of this paper is to examine the patterns and movements of the gender pay gaps in the countries of the former …-analysis of this literature. Gender pay gaps in the region are considerable and above the levels observed in advanced economies …. Similar to advanced economies, industrial and occupational segregation widens the gaps in the FSU countries, whereas gender …

This paper evaluates the gender wage gap among wage workers along the wage distribution in Georgia between 2004 and …). We find that the gender wage gap decreases along the wage distribution, from 0.64 log points to 0.54 log points …. Endowment differences explain between 22 percent and 61 percent of the observed gender wage gap, with the explained proportion …

This paper examines gender differentials in earnings in Macedonia, with special emphasis on the role of occupational … segregation. The lower earnings of women in Macedonia cannot be explained by gender differences in measured human capital … endowments. There is a high degree of segregation of jobs along gender lines, the end product of which is lower earnings for …

The goal of this paper is to examine the patterns and movements of the gender pay gaps in the countries of the former …-analysis of this literature. Gender pay gaps in the region are considerable and above the levels observed in advanced economies …. Similar to advanced economies, industrial and occupational segregation widens the gaps in the FSU countries, whereas gender …

This paper evaluates the gender wage gap among wage workers along the wage distribution in Georgia between 2004 and …). We find that the gender wage gap decreases along the wage distribution, from 0.64 log points to 0.54 log points …. Endowment differences explain between 22 percent and 61 percent of the observed gender wage gap, with the explained proportion …

This paper examines the contraction in the gender wage gap in Georgia between 2004 and 2011. Behind the continuous … decline at the mean lies a change in the shape of the gender wage gap across the wage distribution before and after the 2008 …

This paper studies the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the gendered dimensions of employment and mental health among … urban informal-sector workers in India. First, we find that men's employment declined by 84 percentage points post … did not experience any significant impact on employment post pandemic, as reported by their husbands. Second, we document …

This study examines the initial impact of COVID-19 shutdowns on the employment and hours of unincorporated self …-employed workers using data from the Current Population Survey. Although the shutdowns decreased employment and hours for all groups …, differential effects by gender, couple status, and parental status exist. Coupled women were less likely to be working than coupled …