de-verticalization or the vertical disintegration or fragmentation of the production chain) is pervasive and that … production is conducted through fluid often non-hierarchical networks of firms rather than governed by stable hierarchical … global IT industry have pushed re-location of certain industry functions. Third, Greater China (defined here as Taiwan and …

forces behind China's rise in electronics, and we consider the implications for regional electronics trade and production …China's emergence as a key player in the global electronics industry has ignited concerns among its East Asian … neighbors. Upper and middle-income economies fear that China's rise is hollowing out their electronics industrial base. Lower …

Asian-Pacific nations, Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, South Korea, Singapore …

with respect to countries' geographical remoteness, education levels, business environment and institutions. China stands …