demand and technology, production expansion, and specialization of native workers as immigration rises. …

, mechanically changing the average native wage in affected markets and biasing the estimated wage impact of immigration. We document … wage of French women, but led to a sizable decline in their employment rate. In contrast, immigration had little impact on … immigration and female wages arises partly because the native women who left the labor force had relatively low wages. Adjusting …

admission of immigrants into Germany has contributed to the country being the second largest immigration destination in the … immigration on natives' hourly wages and employment was examined, by using microdata for Germany. Native workers' educational …