economists see in this rise of the middle class an opportunity to spur economic growth in the emergent economies. Others consider … that the rise of the middle class comes from growth and that a virtuous circle could exist between growth and middle class …. Within the framework of a controlled globalization, these two theses are erroneous: a redistribution of incomes in favour of …

This paper contributes to the analysis of the effects of demand structure on longterm growth. Introducing non … inequalities on long-term growth in our quality-ladder framework, and find that a lower level of wealth disparities always leads to … an increase in the long-run growth rate. Finally, we show that beyond this negative impact on growth, inequalities also …

innovation rates, and by extension on the economic growth rate. We demonstrate that a higher share of the population being poor … is detrimental to the rate of economic growth, while a redistribution of wealth from rich to poor consumers increases the …

use simulations to investigate whether the growth of China's middle class reflects across-the-board income growth versus a … redistribution of income to the middle, and to project growth in the size of the middle class to 2020. If all household incomes grow …