daily risk estimates to the monetary authorities at the beginning of the trading day, using a variety of Value-at-Risk (VaR …) models to measure risk. Sometimes the risk estimates communicated using these models are too high, thereby leading to large … capital requirements and high capital costs. At other times, the risk estimates are too low, leading to excessive violations …

Introduction / Michael McAleer -- Assessment of risk ratings and risk returns for 120 representative countries … / Michael McAleer -- Conditional volatility models for risk ratings and risk returns / Michael McAleer -- Univariate and … multivariate estimates of symmetric and asymmetric conditional volatilities and conditional correlations for risk returns / Michael …