This paper proposes to reexamine the trade effect of GATT/WTO based on non-parametric econometric techniques. Our … estimation framework uses the simplest gravity model that explains bilateral trade volumes with country sizes and trade … observable covariates (country sizes and determinants of trade resistance) are controlled for nonparametrically, unobservable …

countries. In each country, the incumbent autocrat will cater to the preferences of the elites when setting trade policy and the … manufacturing sector. This, in turn, can lead to a shift in the comparative advantage, a decision to open up to trade and an inflow …