In this study we present a geometric approach to proxy economic uncertainty. We design a positional indicator of disagreement among survey-based agents' expectations about the state of the economy. Previous dispersion-based uncertainty indicators derived from business and consumer surveys...

The main objective of this study is to present a two-step approach to generate estimates of economic growth based on agents' expectations from tendency surveys. First, we design a genetic programming experiment to derive mathematical functional forms that approximate the target variable by...

We apply the two-step machine-learning method proposed by Claveria et al. (2021) to generate country-specific sentiment indicators that provide estimates of year-on-year GDP growth rates. In the first step, by means of genetic programming, business and consumer expectations are evolved to derive...

We investigate identification of causal parameters in case-control and related studies. The odds ratio in the sample is our main estimand of interest and we articulate its relationship with causal parameters under various scenarios. It turns out that the odds ratio is generally a sharp upper...

In today's world, cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin, have been caught under fire for their immense carbon footprint and environmental destruction. With Bitcoin currently consuming more electricity than countries such as Argentina and Norway, the need for environmental change is necessary....

Income is the most relevant measure to assess farmers' economic well-being and sectoral transformation. The crises and distresses plaguing the sector endanger the very livelihoods and welfare of the farmers. Indian Government with the intention giving enough policy thrust on income security,...

This research focuses on the analysis of the submarine geomorphology in the Mariana Trench located in west Pacific Ocean. The research question is to identify variations in the geomorphic form and bathymetry in different segments of the trench. Technically, the paper applies Python and R...

This paper introduces an application of R programming language for geostatistical data processing with a case study of the Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean. The formation of the Mariana Trench, the deepest among all hadal oceanic depth trenches, is caused by complex and diverse geomorphic factors...

Results from an independent survey of 36,795 grocery workers who are employed at 401 Kroger grocery stores in Colorado, Northern Washington and Southern California are described in this report. The survey received responses from 10,287 workers for a 28 percent response rate.Kroger is the only...

The 2021 OECD Survey on Drivers of Trust in Public Institutions provides a cross-country assessment of what influences people’s trust in government and public institutions, understanding people’s perception of the functioning of democratic institutions. Most of the drivers in the Trust...