At a time when policy makers want to change the behaviour of citizens to tackle a broad range of social problems, such as climate change, excessive drinking, obesity and crime, a promising new policy approach has appeared that seems capable of escaping the liberal reservations typically...

This is the first study to analyze effects of in utero exposure to the severe Dutch Hunger Winter famine (1944/45) on labor market outcomes and hospitalization. This famine is clearly demarcated in time and space. It was not anticipated. Nutritional conditions were stable before and after the...

Society benefits on a large scale from improved medical care and pharmaceuticals. The prescription of pharmaceuticals, however, also carries risks such as the possibility of an increased risk of falls, which may lead to severe injuries and increased health expenditures associated with these...

We examine the causal impact of the 2002-2007 civil conflict in Côte d'Ivoire on children's health using household surveys collected before, during, and after the conflict, and information on the exact location and date of conflict events. Our identification strategy relies on exploiting both...

Each year more infants are infected with HIV, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly due to mother-to-child, or “vertical” transmission. Advances in ART made the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV affordable in sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-constrained...

UNICEF and its global partners define an orphan, as is Child who has lost one or both parents as a result of death of one parent or both parents. A street child as per UNICEF funded ZIM 2001 study, formulated by Inter-NGOs in Switzerland in 1983, is “any girl or boy who has not reached...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the determinants of malnutrition of primary school-age (five to ten years) children in urban and slum areas.The ultimate objective is to frame policy proposals for children’s nutritional welfare. Design/methodology/approach – In this...

In the context of the growth of new ICTs, in 2010 ABT Associates, a partner in the Population Council-led consortium conducted a study to assess (a) the status of ICT use in the health sector; (b) the existing and emerging ICT applications that have the potential to rapidly accelerate the...

Applying principles of merger evaluation to the health care industry in general, and to hospital markets in particular, poses several unique challenges. Definition of relevant geographic markets and assessment of the consequences of changes in competition for patient and social welfare are...

Capabilities concern freedom and human dignity. A capability marks out an ability to do or be. If I possess a capability, then I have the ability to do an action (obtain food, speak freely, etc.) or to become a certain kind of person (self-directing, etc.). A capability is different from actual...