Germany and Austria, neighbours of different size and with the same language, still have close economic bonds, but the … combined effect of Austria joining the EU, the eastern opening and the EU's enlargement has made Austria grow increasingly … separate from Germany. Since the early 1990s, Austria's economic growth rate has been surpassing the German equivalent by …

France, which enhances the role of the DM as an anchor currency not just for Austria, but for Europe at large. In contrast to … the very active role of Germany in the monetary integration process, Austria remained virtually passive. However …, utilising its experience with a hard currency policy, Austria made an essential contribution to the stability of the system as a …

. persistence), and exits to unemployment ("no pay-low pay cycle"). The results show shorter spell durations in Austria, pointing to …

Germany and Austria, neighbours of different size and with the same language, still have close economic bonds, but the … combined effect of Austria joining the EU, the eastern opening and the EU's enlargement has made Austria grow increasingly … separate from Germany. Since the early 1990s, Austria's economic growth rate has been surpassing the German equivalent by …