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This paper uses an integrated assessment model to quantify the climate R&D investment strategy for a variety of scenarios fully consistent with 2°C. We estimate the total climate R&D investment needs in approximately 1 USD Trillion cumulatively in the period 2010-2030, and 1.6 USD Trillions in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010203419
impacts than the extraction of conventional oil. The European Union (EU) estimates that oil sands lead to 22% more emissions … than conventional oil. The EU is very concerned by the potential climate and environmental impacts and has considered … unilateral ban of the EU on unconventional oil has no climate benefits and it is expensive for Europe. …
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important to improve coordination between Member State policies and those at EU level. …
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Despite growing scientific evidence that passing a 2°C temperature increase may trigger tipping points in climate dynamics, most Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) based on Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) with smooth quadratic damage functions are unable to account for the possibility of strong...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009628139
That climate policies are costly is evident and therefore often creates major fears. But the alternative (no action) also has a cost. Mitigation costs and damages incurred depend on what the climate policies are; moreover, they are substitutes. This brings climate policies naturally in the realm...
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Globally as well as in China, cities have contributed to most of the economic output and have accordingly given rise to most CO2 emissions. In particular, given unprecedented urbanization, cities will play an even greater role in shaping energy demand and CO2 emissions. Therefore, cities are the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010238315