Micco, Alejandro; Pérez, Natalia - 2002
costs. Improving port efficiency from the 25th to the 75th percentile reduces shipping costs by 12 percent. (Bad ports are … 300,000 observations per year on shipments of products at the six-digit HS level from different ports around the world …. Distance and containerization matter. In addition, we find that efficiency of ports is an important determinant of shipping …