The so-called Troika, consisting of the EU-Commission, the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), was supposed to support the member states of the euro area which had been hit hard by a sovereign debt crisis. For that purpose, economic adjustment programs were...

Die sogenannte Troika aus EU-Kommission, Europäischer Zentralbank und Internationalem Währungsfonds sollte die in eine schwere Staatschuldenkrise geratenen Mitgliedsländer der Europäischen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion durch die Ausarbeitung und Überwachung von Hilfsprogrammen vor einem...

Die sogenannte Troika aus EU-Kommission, Europäischer Zentralbank und Internationalem Währungsfonds sollte die in eine schwere Staatschuldenkrise geratenen Mitgliedsländer der Europäischen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion durch die Ausarbeitung und Überwachung von Hilfsprogrammen vor einem...

This paper analyzes the causes of the sovereign debt crisis in the eurozone and examines the policy alternatives confronting euro area governments. It suggests that pooling fiscal risks, creating an EU Treasury and issuing jointly-backed euro bonds is an optimal solution and the inevitable...

The recent extensive package introduced by the Commission is the "most comprehensive reinforcement of economic governance in the EU and the euro area since the launch of the Economic and Monetary Union. Broader and enhanced surveillance of fiscal policies, but also macroeconomic policies and...

The current instruments in the EU to deal with debt and liquidity crises include among others the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and the European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism (EFSM). Both are temporary in nature (3 years). In terms of an efficient future crisis management...

This paper addresses two central questions for Asia and the world: (1) What is the purpose of Asian regional policy coordination going forward? (2) Will Asian regional policy coordination substitute or complement global policy coordination? The paper examines the potential coverage and content...

The recent Global Financial Crisis (2008-2010) and the accompanying Great Recession (2008-2011) show that the level and the rate of monetary and financial systems integration deployed within the Euro area is not sustainable in the long run. Instead of acting as a buffer against external shocks...

This paper focuses on the requirements and features of a successful monetary union on the basis of the optimum currency area theory, the “logical roadmap” for integration as proposed by Balassa as well as the economic and institutional framework of the European Economic and Monetary Union...

The main economic governance and day-to-day Economic Diplomacy (ED) are important to any country's international policy. In today's globalized world, ED is an important tool for countries to develop, stay engaged, and even survive economically. This paper has pointed out the study of ED as a...