applies not just to the vulnerable in the rich world; the vulnerable in the rest of the world are not more immune. Yet … countries represent 85 percent of the global population, but only 21 percent of the pandemic's death toll. This unusual … inequality creates the impression that the world is subjected to two different pandemics in terms of their impact. This paper …

The size of the economic shocks triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects of the associated non … over the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis relies on high-frequency proxies, such as daily electricity … consumption, nitrogen dioxide emission, and mobility records, to trace the economic disruptions caused by the pandemic, and …

This paper analyzes the impact of Covid-19 and uncooperative trade policies on world food markets. It quantifies the … initial shock due to the pandemic under the assumption that products that are more labor intensive in production are more … pandemic, the global export supply of food could decrease between 6 and 20 percent and global prices increase between 2 and 6 …

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has halted economic activity worldwide, hurting firms and pushing them toward … pandemic, while using credit to remain alive until the crisis subdues. Fourth, the existing legal and regulatory infrastructure … is ill-equipped to deal with an exogenous systemic shock such as this pandemic. Financial sector policies can help …

pandemic. Increases in mortality are measured in terms of the number of years of life lost (LY) to the pandemic. Additional … June 2020, the pandemic (and the observed private and policy responses) has generated at least 68 million additional …

stem the pandemic precipitated an unprecedented collapse in oil demand, but the surge in oil inventories also exerted …

beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, documenting how countries used trade policy instruments in response to the health crisis on …

How can the world reach herd immunity against COVID-19 before the second anniversary of the pandemic, or March 2022? A … historical vaccination campaigns. Considering existing pre-purchase contracts for vaccines, achieving this target requires … this gap. There are additional challenges along the path to achieving world-wide herd immunity-including supply chain …