Age heaping-based numeracy indicators have served as valuable tools to derive basic human capital estimates, especially … multiple of five reports an accurate age. In an empirical analysis we show that the commonly used binary numeracy indicator is …

for pre-unification Italy in 1815. Such figures are compared to all alternative sources available for close years …, including direct and indirect approaches who focused on selected areas of Italy. The new empirical methodology is as important … rates in preindustrial Italy, but only when accompanied by rigorous sampling procedures. Indeed, the proposed empirical …

This study is the first to explore long-run trends of numeracy for the 1820-1949 period in 165 countries, and its … contribution to growth. Estimates of the long-run numeracy development of most countries in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, America …, and Europe are presented, using age-heaping techniques. Assessing the determinants of numeracy, we find school enrolment …

possible. With respect to literacy, numeracy has been understudied in economic history and its inclusion in long-run growth …, followed by an analysis of national numeracy levels introducing a large and newly constructed data set on age heaping … Entwicklung von „Numeracy“ (Zahlenfähigkeit) zu messen. Die verschiedenen Arbeitspapiere, die dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegen …

A swelling stream of literature employs age-heaping as an indicator of human capital, more specifically of numeracy. We … re-examine this connection in light of evidence drawn from nineteenth century Italy: census data, death records, and … direct, qualitative evidence on age-awareness and numeracy. Though it can stand in as an acceptable proxy for literacy, our …