The motivation for this paper began with casual empiricisms regarding the brief distributed lag of retail gasoline … consistent and efficient estimator of the actual gasoline prices over most of our sample period. However, random shocks to … gasoline prices, like Hurricane Ike in 2008, cause the model to have problems accurately predicting gas prices. We conclude …

prices charged to un-integrated competitors. In this paper, we estimate both of these effects in the U.S. gasoline industry … by examining the change in relative retail gasoline prices after refiners exited gasoline retailing beginning in the mid …-2000s. Using station-level price data from Florida and New Jersey, we find that double marginalization caused retail prices …

We examine the competitive effects of the vertical integration of gasoline refineries and retailers in the U …. Vertical foreclosure is found to increase the wholesale price of refined gasoline by 0.2 to 0.6 cents per gallon. -- vertical …

employ and limits their emissions based on the permits they hold. Refiners must also produce gasoline that varies in quality … link between gasoline content regulation and the compliance behavior of refineries. We find that in areas with more … stringent gasoline regulation, there was increased compliance on the part of firms. -- Clean Air Act ; compliance behavior …