The environmental poverty trap (see for example: Fodha and Seegmuller, 2012; 2014) gives renewed interest to the analysis of the economic effects of environmental policy financing in developing countries. Our contribution to the literature is to analyze the effect on public debt dynamics of...

This paper applies a two-step dynamic BBS-GMM panel estimation technique alongside with the Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) index variance decomposition approach. This was done to achieve conditional convergence in the growth equation and also to disaggregate the shock due to the epidemic prevalence....

This paper examines the burden of HIV/AIDS on income groups (upper and lower income earners) in Nigeria, its impacts on human capital development and economic growth. Income differential (indicator variable), the relative difference in income per capita of the quintile group, life expectancy,...

To understand laws pertaining to gender-based violence (GBV) in countries with high HIV prevalence particularly among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), we reviewed GBV laws and regulations from initial ten eastern and southern African countries participating in the United States...

This paper studies the role of early intervention in peacekeeping missions as a factor that opens the way for violence downscaling. Using negative binomial regressions and coarsened exact matching models, it is shown that both international and regional deployments contribute to reduce violent...

Disaggregation of mortality by cause has advanced the development of life tables for life insurance and pension purposes. However, the assumption that the causes of death are independent is a challenge in reality. Furthermore, models that determine relationships among causes of death such as...

The unequal global distribution of vaccines against the deadly COVID-19 virus has cast a spotlight on the lack of access to vaccines on the African continent, and the vulnerability that such a lack places on both the economies of African nations and the health of their people. Various...

HIV/AIDS is seen as not only the leading cause of death in SSA region but a major public health challenge. Currently, 13% of total population workforce in the region lives with the epidemic; the above means that one in every ten adults in the region is HIV/AIDS positive. Regrettably so, there is...

Longer life expectancy can affect individuals' incentives to work, save, and marry, net of any changes in their underlying health. We test this hypothesis by using the sudden arrival of a new treatment in 1995 that dramatically increased life expectancy for HIV-infected individuals. We compare...

Developing nations are challenged to strike a balance between their obligations as members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and their drug pricing strategies. The Brazilian approach to pharmaceutical price negotiations has been strikingly effective. Describing the context of the Brazilian...

This paper establishes new evidence that an enduring societal factor - genetic diversity - is linked with HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. We show that higher genetic diversity has a mitigating effect on to the spread of HIV. Importantly, the linked between genetic diversity and HIV...

Longer life expectancy can affect individuals’ incentives to work, save and marry, net of any changes in their underlying health. We test this hypothesis by using the sudden arrival of a new treatment in 1995 that dramatically increased life expectancy for HIV-infected individuals. We compare...

Longer life expectancy can affect individuals' incentives to work, save, and marry, net of any changes in their underlying health. We test this hypothesis by using the sudden arrival of a new treatment in 1995 that dramatically increased life expectancy for HIV-infected individuals. We compare...

The consequences of successful public health interventions for social violence and conflict are largely unknown. This paper closes this gap by evaluating the effect of a major health intervention - the successful expansion of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) to combat the HIV/AIDS pandemic - in...

This research explores the persistent effect of the Neolithic Revolution on the evolution of life expectancy in the course of human history. It advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that the onset of the Neolithic Revolution and the associated rise in infectious diseases triggered...

This research explores the persistent effect of the Neolithic Revolution on the evolution of life expectancy in the course of human history. It advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that the onset of the Neolithic Revolution and the associated rise in infectious diseases triggered...

This research explores the persistent effect of the Neolithic Revolution on the evolution of life expectancy in the course of human history. It advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that the onset of the Neolithic Revolution and the associated rise in infectious diseases triggered...

Health-maximizing and welfare-maximizing behaviors can be at odds, especially among disadvantaged groups, generating health disparities. We estimate a lifecycle model of medication and labor supply decisions using data on HIV-positive men. We evaluate an effective HIV treatment innovation that...

Motivated by a recent setback in the fight against child malnutrition, this study explores whether aid projects help to reduce stunting, or impaired growth, among children in the local area. Focusing on Malawi, a country with very high stunting prevalence and for which we have access to...

Under asymmetric information about sexual history, sexual activity creates externalities. Abstinence by those with few partners perversely increases the average probability of HIV infection in the pool of available partners. Since this increases prevalence among the high activity people who...

The UNAIDS framework for HIV response called for 3 "Ones": one strategy, one coordinating authority, and one monitoring framework. Under the direction of President Festus Mogae, Botswana established the National AIDS Coordinating Agency (NACA) to bring together and direct the various government...

The regulatory frameworks that characterized HIV and AIDS under Nigerian legislation are examined in this research. In doing so, it unearths the myriads of provisions appreciated by the Nigeria judiciary while instilling substantial faith in the statutes enacted by the Nigerian National Assembly...

This paper offers evidence of the causal impact of high-speed Internet on sexual behavior and HIV spread in Africa. Our identification strategy exploits individual-level data combined with information on the gradual arrival of submarine Internet cables in Africa’s coastal regions. Robust...

Ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic is an important target of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To achieve it, countries worldwide donate large amounts of development aid (USD 15.18 billion annually). However, current practice in allocating development aid is largely based on...

Globally, Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest HIV burden. Although progress has been made towards achieving HIV epidemic control in this region, the progress has been uneven with minority HIV groups i.e., key populations (KPs), bearing a disproportionate burden of the epidemic. These micro-HIV...

In this paper, we present an updated version of the reference model used at Banque de France to forecast inflation: MAPI (Model for Analysis and Projection of Inflation). While the conceptual framework of the model remains very close to its initial version, our update takes stock of three...

Background: Development assistance for health (DAH) has been considerably affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the importance of clarifying how donor countries select recipient countries and how DAH is distributed. We investigated DAH allocation according to disease burden and whether...

We use novel data on a cohort of female sex workers in Senegal to examine whether a large anticipated shock influences risky sexual behaviour. We study the effect of Tabaski, the most important Islamic festival celebrated in Senegal, in which most households purchase an animal for sacrifice. We...

This paper simulates the impact of the AIDS epidemic on future living standards in South Africa. I emphasize two competing effects. On the one hand, the epidemic is likely to have a detrimental impact on the human capital accumulation of orphaned children. On the other hand, widespread community...

In this paper, to investigate the synthetic effffect of PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) and ART (antiretrovial therapy) on HIV transmission among MSM (men who have sex with men) in heterogenous environment, an realistic HIV epidemic model with spatial diffusion is established. Here, HIV...

Increased HIV risk creates incentives for people with low sexual activity to reduce their activity, but may make high-activity people fatalistic, leading them to reduce their activity only slightly, or actually increase it. If high-activity people reduce their activity by a smaller proportion...

Over the last century, global life expectancy has increased tremendously. A longer planning horizon may change individuals' incentives to work, save, and marry but it has proven challenging to disentangle such incentive effects from those of improved health. In this paper, we study how...

Background: HIV/AIDS remains the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to multiple constraints experienced by households that seem to be disproportionally affected, families generally seek assistance from the community and external economic support. Previous researchers studied...

Many models from epidemiology are not designed to capture tradeoffs between health and economic well-being and few are equipped to predict how these tradeoffs interact with individuals' preferences to influence behavior. Policies based on such models may not reflect societal preferences or...

Motivated by the lack of sub-national empirical evidence on the relationship between aid and institutional development, this study explores the local effects of World Bank aid on perceived institutional quality in African aid receiving countries. We combine geo-referenced data on the subnational...

This case study documents how India, the world's second most populous country, pulled the reins on a global epidemic to stop it in its tracks from growing into a generalized epidemic. Central to the case study is the story of a government body, the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) that,...