The objective of this study is to test the Hall’s permanent income hypothesis for Iran using cointegration and error correction model from annual data covering the period of 1980-2010 using annual data from 1980 to 2010. The basic model of permanent income hypothesis showed the validity of...

In this paper, an econometric model of consumption in Bulgaria for the period 1997-2005 is constructed. The Error-Correction Model (ECM) approach is employed and long-run relationship between household consumption and income was found. The primary purpose of this empirical paper is to get a...

In this paper, an econometric model of consumption in Bulgaria for the period 1997-2005 is constructed. The Error-Correction Model (ECM) approach is employed and long-run relationship between household consumption and income was found. The primary purpose of this empirical paper is to get a...

We attempt to disentangle income and wealth effects on consumption by disaggregating both the different types of income and wealth. We estimate a consumption function for a panel of quarterly data for 14 advanced economies spanning 1998 to 2012, using an error correction specification. We find a...

The study sought to make an existentialist literary interpretation of Charles Mungoshi’s selected works. Stories were selected on the basis of their concerns and subjected to content analysis. The analysis established that characters in the works exude general and all-pervasive pessimistic...

The objective of this study is to test the Hall’s permanent income hypothesis for Iran using cointegration and error correction model from annual data covering the period of 1980-2010 using annual data from 1980 to 2010. The basic model of permanent income hypothesis showed the validity of...

This paper is an attempt to test the Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH), Myopia and Liquidity Constraints as a case study for Pakistan. The paper also attempts to find out valid reasoning incase the PIH is rejected. Hall.s random walk model (1978) and Campbell and Mankiw model (1990) are used to...

The objective of this study is to test the Hall’s permanent income hypothesis for Pakistan using annual data from 1992 to 2010. The basic model of permanent income hypothesis (PIH) showed the validity of absolute income hypothesis (AIH) while the Campbell and Mankiw (1990) consumption model...

Experience after the establishment of EMU shows that the behaviour of private consumers differs considerably among member countries and that average and marginal propensities to consume are fairly heterogeneous. In particular, there are clear differences between Germany and the rest of the euro...

The objective of this study is to test the Hall’s permanent income hypothesis for Pakistan using annual data from 1992 to 2010. The basic model of permanent income hypothesis (PIH) showed the validity of absolute income hypothesis (AIH) while the Campbell and Mankiw (1990) consumption model...

This paper is an attempt to test the Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH), Myopia and Liquidity Constraints as a case study for Pakistan. The paper also attempts to find out valid reasoning incase the PIH is rejected.  Hall’s random walk model (1978) and Campbell and Mankiw model (1990) are used...

The objective of this study is to test the Hall’s permanent income hypothesis for Pakistan using annual data from 1992 to 2010. The basic model of permanent income hypothesis (PIH) showed the validity of absolute income hypothesis (AIH) while the Campbell and Mankiw (1990) consumption model...

Within the context of the neoclassical growth model I investigate the implications of (initial) endowment inequality when the rich have a higher marginal savings rate than the poor. More unequal societies grow faster in the transition process, and therefore exhibit a higher speed of convergence....

It is an established fact that the level of one’s income affects one’s health. More divisive, however, is the question whether people’s health is also affected by inequalities in income. The latter would imply that not only how much income we have matters for health, but also how much more...

The issue of Africa living with the scourge of endemic poverty is not a recent trend. This is for the fact that poverty is one of the major factors defining the underdeveloped and developing third world societies world-wide and Africa in particular. Several factors have been identified in this...

This paper explores how cross-sectional data can be exploited jointly with longitudinal data, in order to increase estimation efficiency while properly tackling the potential bias due to unobserved individual characteristics. We propose an innovative procedure and we show its implementation by...

This paper deals with different concepts of income elasticities of demand for a heterogenous population and the relationship between individual and aggregate elasticities is analyzed. In general, the aggregate elasticity is not equal to the mean of individual elasticities. The difference depends...

This paper uses the 1998-99 Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS) data to examine the health-income relationship that underlies the absolute income hypothesis. To allow for nonlinearity and data heterogeneity, we use a partially linear semiparametric quantile regression model. The...

Although the Keynesian multiplier effect of public works is criticized for lack of a microeconomic foundation, it is still taught in most undergraduate courses and believed to be useful for policy makers. However, it has a serious fallacy even if we accept the consumption function. This note...