Suchmaschinen ermöglichen Nutzern einen schnellen Zugang zu Informationen, die sie konkret suchen oder die sie durch die Suchmaschine entdecken. Sie haben sich zu wichtigen Informationsintermediären entwickelt. Aufgrund ihrer zentralen Rolle in der Informationsvermittlung und der...

Nigeria is the most populous country in sub-Saharan Africa. It also has a very young population. The majority of the population is below the age of 25 years, with 22 percent of the country?s population between the ages of 10-19 years. Data on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes in...

Information and communication technologies (ICT) for health or eHealth solutions hold great potential for generating systemic efficiencies by strengthening five critical pillars of a health system: human resources for health, supply chain management, health care financing, governance and service...

We document a little-known source of information exploited by sophisticated institutional investors: the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), a law that allows for the disclosure of previously unreleased information by the U.S. Government. Through FOIA requests, we identify several sophisticated...

This policy brief outlines the chronology of the developments since Edward Snowden leaked the documents on large-scale electronic surveillance, including PRISM and Tempora programmes, the policy implications and the public's response. It concludes that the nature of the debate has shifted from a...

Maldives, a middle income country, is on track to meet most of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), while gender gap requires attention. Maldives has made great progress in improving maternal health and has achieved MDG. The total fertility rate has declined to 2.3 in 2012. Contraceptive use...

Over the past 30 years, Bangladesh has achieved significant economic and human development progress, and demonstrated impressive policy as well as programmatic commitment to lowering the fertility level. However, its future socioeconomic prospects may be hampered by its population growth rate,...

Viewed as a key to strengthening accountability, citizen empowerment alone is not enough to guarantee quality public service. It must go hand in hand with better governance. This report highlights two factors that have improved governance and public service provision in developing Asia: (i)...

Рассматриваются актуальные инфоэтические проблемы, наиболее характерные для современных процессов информатизации. Авторы предпринимают попытку взглянуть...

The purpose of the article is to identify in a general interpretation of the right to information the proper subject regarding the right of access to official information and to determine its specific character. The article considers the access to information as: a) a global trend in the reform...

This technical note considers the role of information and communications technology (ICT) in promoting the use of information and active participation among various stakeholders in the context of access to information initiatives, and in transparency and accountability efforts more broadly. Such...

This technical note considers the role of information and communications technology (ICT) in promoting the use of information and active participation among various stakeholders in the context of access to information initiatives, and in transparency and accountability efforts more broadly. Such...

In the past ten years, elections were held in six countries of Central Africa experiencing “post-conflict” situations. The polls that took place in Burundi (2005), the Central African Republic (2005), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006), Congo-Brazzaville (2002, 2007), Chad (1996,...

Este articulo analiza los principales resultados del estudio sobre la transparencia de los presupuestos públicos de Costa Rica y una evolución de los principales atributos que la conforman, en el periodo 2003-2009, como un elemento relevante, dentro de la nueva concepción de la Gestión...

Community Radios are a relatively recent phenomenon in India. However, they are an impactful platform and hold a vast potential to reach out to India’s widely dispersed, varied and secluded communities, who have specific local needs and aspirations. Moreover, by providing a voice to the...

Drawing on three sources, a 2013 qualitative study in four districts of Punjab province; a targeted analysis of the baseline and end line surveys of the Family Advancement for Life and Health (FALAH 2007-2012) project; and the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) of 1990-1991 and of...

Da propriedade intelectual à economia do conhecimento / Ladislau Dowbor -- Tecnologia, ancestralidade, soberania e produção de futuro / Laymert Garcia dos Santos, Francisco Antunes Caminati -- Conteúdos digitais na internet e os direitos do público / Carlos Seabra -- Comunicação e...

This empirical study draws on both official and independent assessments during the first years of implementation of Mexico’s 2003 open government reform. The data show substantial progress overall, combined with significant variation across federal agencies and a growing trend towards...

Palliative care is specialized healthcare for anyone who is diagnosed with a serious and life-threatening illness, starting when they get the diagnosis, regardless of the prognosis. Although hospice is a form of palliative care, most palliative care is not end-of-life care or hospice, a common...

Every year, around 60,000 people die worldwide in natural disasters. The majority of the deaths are caused by building collapse in earthquakes, and the great majority occurs in the developing world. This is despite the fact that engineering solutions exist that can almost completely eliminate...

The paper tests three hypotheses about the causes of unemployment in the Central-East European transition economies and in a benchmark market economy (Western part of Germany). The first hypothesis (H1) is that unemployment is caused by inefficient matching. Hypothesis 2 (H2) is that...

Security is increasingly viewed as a key condition for economic growth and development. The authors argue that the work and impact of all development partners would be enhanced if the multiple linkages between public finance, security, and development were explicitly taken into account. At the...