Statistical evidence from 58 countries shows that although people in rural areas are more likely to be in employment than those in urban ones, they also tend to have jobs that can put them at risk of experiencing inadequate labour protection as well as low pay. In particular, rural workers are...

This paper studies the link between gender-biased technological change in the agricultural sector and structural transformation in Norway. After WWII, Norwegian farms began widely adopting milking machines to replace the hand milking of cows, a task typically performed by women. Combining...

Land Grabbing, die Industrialisierung der Landwirtschaft und damit einhergehende Konflikte um Land nehmen seit Mitte der 2000er Jahre stetig zu. Landarbeiter*innen sind zentrale Akteure in diesem Kontext, finden in der wissenschaftlichen und entwicklungspolitischen Debatte jedoch kaum Beachtung....

This paper studies the link between gender-biased technological change in the agricultural sector and structural transformation in Norway. After WWII, Norwegian farms began widely adopting milking machines to replace the hand milking of cows, a task typically performed by women. Combining...

Agricultural laborers play a crucial role in the agricultural sector, which forms the backbone of India's economy. Understanding the spatio-temporal variation of wages for these laborers is essential for policymakers and researchers in order to develop effective strategies for rural development,...

This paper studies how agricultural production responds to the loss of agricultural labor during the process of urbanization and structural transformation. Using household microdata from India and exogenous variation in migration opportunities induced by urban income shocks, we show that...

"In the past twenty years, the sugarcane industry in Nicaragua has grown at an unprecedented rate. This growth has been overshadowed by an epidemic of chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes (CKDnt). Unknown to science before the late 1990s, CKDnt has sickened and killed thousands of...

"Migrants from the Mexican states of Zacatecas, Guanajuato, Jalisco, and Michoacán have become an important presence in Chicago and the Midwest. Many hold jobs as yarderos gardening, caring for lawns, and doing other landscaping work. Sergio Lemus explores the lives of these migrants and looks...

"This book explores how northeastern Cuba became a hub of international solidarity and transnational movements in the 1920s and 1930s, showing how the Oriente Province emerged as a focal point for global visions of resistance."

Studies on avoidance behaviors in response to air pollution, particularly for low-income groups in developing countries, are relatively sparse. This study attempted to analyze the link between air pollution and farmer labor supply in China and further examined the labor relocation effect. The...

Historically, pandemics lead to labor shortages, and the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-21 proved to be no different. While there are many explanations for supply-chain issues reported in a number of industries, the proximate cause for ongoing problems in producing, processing, and delivering food to...

The article compares the two largest raw cotton regions in Brazil between the 1750s and 1810s. Through the analysis of new series of cotton exports and parish records, we argue that the high pattern of slave ownership, together with the organization of labor and specialization in cotton, made...

We use individual-level data on all security trades, holdings, spending, and income from an online retail bank. We study the effects of an exogenous change in the displayed purchase prices of the mutual funds in individuals’ portfolios. We find that individuals are more likely to sell what we...

The Affordable Care Act substantially increased the share of farmworkers with medical insurance, but it had little effect on employer-provided benefits, including healthcare insurance. Eligible workers with pre-existing health conditions consumed substantially more medical services, unlike those...

This study analyzes the conditions that migrant farmworkers in Canada endured prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2020-March 2022). It draws on policy analysis and open-ended interviews with workers in Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP), as well as non-status...

This Research Report, the first in in the series "Expanding social insurance for agricultural workers in Middle East and North Africa (MENA): Identifying key constraints and discussing policy options", focuses on exploring the most adequate social insurance benefits and features capable of...

This Research Report, the second in the series "Expanding Social insurance for agricultural workers in Middle East and North Africa (MENA): identifying key constraints and discussing policy options", focuses on the financial barriers to expand social insurance for agricultural workers.

The third and final Research Report in the series "Expanding Social insurance for agricultural workers in Middle East and North Africa (MENA): identifying key constraints and discussing policy options" focuses on understanding the administrative barriers and capacity constraints that may hinder...