Agri-environmental-climate schemes provide payments for ecosystem services by compensating farmers to implement management actions or obtain ecological results. To compare farmer preferences for action-based schemes, result-based schemes, or a hybrid, we conduct a discrete choice experiment in a...

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) shapes the agri-food sector of the European Union (EU) by mainly regulating the distribution of financial support to agricultural producers. Based on the Treaty of Rome (1957), one of the CAP's objectives is to "ensure a fair living standard for farm-ers" by...

This paper systematically analyzes the effect of agricultural input subsidies in developing countries on yield and income, using a meta-analysis. From three databases, the analysis identifies 12 studies with 32 estimated effects on yield and 23 estimated effects on income. The findings show that...

From the perspective of green development and demand uncertainty, the Stackelberg game models consisting of a farmer and a retailer is constructed, in which the uncertain demand is influenced by the green degree of agri-products. In order to study the impacts of government subsidy on the...

I examine how corporate investment responds to the supply of private activity bonds (PAB), which are tax-exempt municipal bonds issued on behalf of private sector firms. Exploiting a change in the state-level cap for PABs as mandated by the 1986 Tax Reform Act, I compare the real effects of...

This chapter aims to evaluate the country’s agricultural modernization strategy under the lens of the market-driven approach. The early post-War period of economic policy relates to solving the food problem solution for low-income countries, which minimizes farmer welfare and emphasizes...

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) and agri-environmental schemes (AES) are often introduced with the goal to counteract overexploitation of natural habitats and biodiversity loss in forests and agricultural landscapes. Their ecological effectiveness and cost-effectiveness have been, however,...

Livestock farming and the environmentally friendly management of Alpine pastures represent a traditional form of mountain farming. Grazing and the maintenance of pastures and the Alps are publicly subsidised in recognition of the ecological importance of the activities and because the costs are...

The aging of the farmer population has led to concern about a shortage of beginning farmers and ranchers. This study investigates the impact of health insurance coverage and participation in government and private insurance programs on off-farm labor allocation decisions of beginning...

Our results indicate that there is limited effect of agricultural subsidies on the agricultural biodiversity. By using unique farm-level data, we show that subsidies support rather income of farmers than agricultural biodiversity. The results are robust to size, practice management and altitude...

The most important element in the recent reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, which is intended to reduce the concentration of aid distributed under the direct support system, is the so-called redistributive payment. The redistributive effects of this instrument depend on its specific form...

The aim of this paper is to assess the potential impacts of different fertilizer subsidy reform options on the performance of the Iranian crops production sector. This is achieved using a Regional Crop Programming (RCP) model, based on Positive Mathematical Programming, which includes in total...

In the Republic of Moldova, agricultural policies aim to increase the compettveness of its farming sector, ensure the sustainable management of its natural resources and improve the living standards in rural areas. The state is an important player, allocatng fnancial resources for supportng...

In the context of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality", the low-carbon development of agriculture has received increasing attention. In order to adapt to WTO rules, China is adjusting its agricultural support and protection policies. The agricultural "three subsidy" reform aims at the...

The private sector in Nepal participates in the regulated import and distribution of three types of subsidized fertilizer. However, almost 55% of the agrovets (family-owned microenterprises) that retail agricultural inputs do not comply. Many farmers rely on the fertilizer purchased through...

About two-thirds of U.S. farm households are employed off the farm. Off-farm sources represent 85 percent of the income earned by the average farm household and have turned into their main source of health insurance coverage. Farmers receive various government farm program payments, including...