Real-world vehicle emissions differ from the legislative emissions limits for a number of reasons. Emissions can be substantially lower but in most cases emissions in real driving conditions are higher than the type-approval values. This is especially the case for NOx emissions from diesels....

A unique book which reflects the multifaceted nature of sustainability by bringing together authors from interdisciplinary backgrounds. The book highlights the opportunities and challenges associated with applying sustainability indicators in different socio-cultural and geographical settings....

This study analyses the stringency of EU environmental regulations. Contrary to the proposition of an economic -trading up- of standards, the positive theory of environmental federalism which is developed allows for an examination of political mechanisms and the effects of regulation. Empirical...

One of the consequences of rapid economic growth and industrialization in the developing world has been deterioration in environmental conditions and air quality. While air pollution is a serious threat to health in most developing countries, environmental regulations are rare and the...

The focus of the green paradox literature has been either on demand-side climate policies or on effects of technological changes. The present paper addresses the question of whether there also might be some kind of green paradox related to supply-side policies, i.e. policies that per-manently...

Gegenstand des Berichts ist die Rolle der UNFCCC-Quellgruppen "Landwirtschaft" sowie "Landnutzung, Landnutzungsänderung und Forstwirtschaft" (land use, land use change and forestry, LULUCF) bei der künftigen Reduzierung von THG-Emissionen in Deutschland. In Kapitel 2 werden Stand und...

Nach den Zielsetzungen der Bundesregierung sollen die Treibhausgasemissionen in Deutschland bis zum Jahr 2050 gegenüber dem Jahr 1990 um 80 bis 95 % verringert werden (BMWI und BMU, 2010). Im Projekt "Treibhausgasneutrales Deutschland 2050" des Umweltbundesamtes werden für alle...

Deutschland hat umfangreiche internationale Verpflichtungen zur Emissionsminderung für Treibhausgase und Luftschadstoffe übernommen. Hierzu gehören insbesondere im Rahmen der Vereinten Nationen die Konventionen zur Vermeidung und Verminderung weitreichender grenzüberschreitender...

Demand for air quality depends on health impacts and defensive investments that improve health, but little research assesses the empirical importance of defenses. We study an important cap-and-trade market, which dramatically reduced NOx emissions, a key ingredient in ozone formation. A rich...

Environmental quality and climate change have long attracted attention in policy debates. Recently, air quality has emerged on the policy agenda. We calculate a new index of air quality using CO2 and SO2 emissions per capita as indicators and provide a ranking for 122 countries from 1985 to...

This paper studies the voluntary provision of public goods that is partially driven by a desire to offset for individual polluting activities. We first extend existing theory and show that offsets allow a reduction in effective environmental pollution levels while not necessarily extending the...

This paper presents the first empirical test of the green paradox hypothesis, according to which well-intended but imperfectly implemented policies may lead to detrimental environmental outcomes due to supply side responses. We use the introduction of the Acid Rain Program in the U.S. as a case...

Concerns for environmental quality and its impact on people's welfare are fundamental arguments for the adoption of environmental legislation in most countries. In this paper, we analyse the relationship between air quality and subjective well-being in Europe. We use a unique dataset that merges...