Here, we use an input distance function approach to determine the shadow price of carbon dioxide (CO2), technical efficiency and potential for emission reductions of the industrial sectors of China and Korea, and impact of carbon trading on costs. Data from 20 industries in the manufacturing...

Air pollution results in high economic costs arising from its negative impacts on human health, especially in urban areas. Driving restriction policies such as low emission zones (LEZs) are designed to improve air quality. Indeed, empirical analyses in this Weekly Report confirm that LEZs reduce...

This study quantifies the spillover effects of PM2.5 emissions on emergency room visits due to respiratory diseases in Chile. We use several spatial panel methods and models controlling also for the potential endogeneity of air quality. Our estimates show that the spillover effects are downward...

Air pollution is among the most pressing environmental issues worldwide. Unfortunately, an effective reduction in air pollution remains elusive, and so does the incorporation of scientific evidence into air quality policies. This paper takes seven Mexican cities as study cases to document...

Poor air quality is becoming a critical environmental concern in different countries over the last several years. Most of the air pollutants have serious consequences on human health and wellbeing. In this context, efficient forecasting of air pollutants is currently crucial to predict future...

Raising the public’s awareness on the causes and consequences of air pollution is crucial to incentivise behavioural and policy change that can benefit the health of people and the environment. Air quality forecasting (AQF) can inform early public health warnings and help manage exposure and...

The article studies the patterns of diffusion of residential rooftop photovoltaics (PV) systems in Poland and the effects of such technology on local air quality. First, I apply a panel econometric analysis to estimate the impact of peer effects. I lag the difference in time between a submitted...

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) nanomaterials have attracted tremendous research interest in various fields, while the effects of eco-corona formation on the transformation mechanisms and ecological risk of TMDCs remain largely unknown. The effect of eco-corona formation...

We synthesize and review retrospective analyses of federal air quality regulations to examine the contributions of the Clean Air Act to the vast air quality improvements seen since 1970. Geographic heterogeneity in stringency affects emissions, public health, compliance costs, and employment....

Driving restrictions are adopted by metropolitans worldwide to curb traffic congestion and vehicle emission. This paper investigates the effect of plated-based driving restrictions in Guangzhou city, China, where drivers with nonlocal vehicles are allowed to flexibly select restriction periods...

This paper uses an estimated demand system that accounts for heterogeneity to calculate and compare the lost consumer surplus from a higher tax on gasoline, a tax on distance, or a subsidy for buying a newer car. We introduce a view of cost-effectiveness that compares policies instead of...

This paper focuses the various impact of the severity of COVID-19 development on air quality in different types of cities. We analyze the different degrees of improvement of concentrations of six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3) in different types of Chinese cities with...

While the decrease in air pollutants concentration during the COVID-19 lockdown is well documented, high-resolution and multi-city data have not yet been explored systematically to derive a generalizable quantitative link to the drop in vehicular traffic. To bridge this gap, high spatial...

Starting in 2013, China’s pollution information disclosure program raised public awareness of air quality. This study seeks to analyze the impact of information disclosure on college desirability. To that end, I assemble a comprehensive dataset on admission scores for all colleges in China for...

I study the patterns of diffusion of residential rooftop photovoltaics (PV) systems in Poland and the effects of such technology on local air quality. First, I apply a panel econometric analysis to estimate the impact of peer effects. I lag the difference in time between a submitted PV...

This paper provides the first evidence showing that air pollution can reduce lifethreatening risky behaviors. We study the impact of air pollution on traffic accidents caused by risky driving behaviors, using the universe of accident records and highresolution air quality data of Taiwan from...

Exploiting the implementation of the NOx Budget Trading Program (NBP), we show that a regional environmental regulation can have an unintended emission spillover effect from NBP-regulated power plants to manufacturing plants not regulated by the NBP via hikes in electricity prices. Our...

Racial differences in exposure to ambient air pollution have declined significantly in the United States over the past 20 years. This project links administrative Census microdata to newly available, spatially continuous high resolution measures of ambient particulate pollution (PM2.5) to...

This paper examines unintended effects of air quality regulation on decisions of major polluters, using plant data for 1963 to 1992. A key regulatory tool since 1978 is the annual designation of county air quality attainment status, where non-attainment status triggers specific equipment...

We develop a spatial equilibrium model to evaluate the efficiency and distributional impacts of the leading air quality regulation in the United States: the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). We link our economic model to an integrated assessment model for air pollutants which...

Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 created a market for electric utility emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2). Recent papers have argued that flaws in the design of the auctions that are part of this market have adversely affected its performance. These papers incorrectly assume that...

The most cost-effective policies for achieving CO2 abatement (e.g., carbon taxes) fail to get off the ground politically because of unacceptable distributional consequences. This paper explores CO2 abatement policies designed to address distributional concerns. Using an intertemporal numerical...

Nitrogen Dioxide is primarily emitted to the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels, and the measurement of its emission serves as the indicator for the emission of the group of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which have adverse effects on health, environment, and climate. Over the past few...

The upward trend in cigarette smoking among teenagers throughout the 1990's has spurred a great deal of interest on how to discourage young people from smoking. This paper attempts to inform policy makers by providing evidence on the effects cigarette prices (which can be increased through...

This paper reports the first comprehensive approach for measuring the general equilibrium willingness to pay for large changes in air quality. It is based on a well defined locational equilibrium model. The approach allows estimation of households' indirect utility function and the underlying...

Addressing inequality is recognized a worldwide development objective. The literature has primarily focused on examining economic or social inequality, but rarely on environmental inequality. Since inequality is multidimensional, several facets may overlap imposing a disproportionate burden on...

The United States needs an integrated national strategy to address the twin challenges of bolstering its manufacturing sector and averting climate change. Timely federal RD&D and deployment policies targeted to specific manufacturing industries could create comparative advantage, expanding...

Although economists cite potential gains from induced innovation as an advantage of using market-based mechanisms to protect the environment, counts of patents related to flue gas desulfurization units ('scrubbers') peaked before trading of sulfur dioxide (SO2) permits began. This paper uses...

This paper explores some costs associated with environmental regulation. We focus on regulation pertaining to ground-level ozone (O3) and its effects on two manufacturing industries -- industrial organic chemicals (SIC 2865-9) and miscellaneous plastic products (SIC 308). Both are major emitters...

This paper estimates the effects of environmental regulations on industrial activity. The analysis is conducted with the most comprehensive data available on both regulations from the Clean Air Act Amendments' division of counties into pollutant-specific nonattainment and attainment categories...

Two measures of fine particulate matter, PM2.5 exposure and PM2.5 exceedance are used to analyze convergence patterns of 212 and 108 countries during the period of 2000 to 2014. For PM2.5 exposure, sigma index diverges at the annual rate of 1.07%, while gamma index converges at -0.5% rate. For...

The passage of landmark government regulation is often the culmination of evolving social pressure and incremental policy change. During this process, firms may preemptively adjust behavior in anticipation of impending regulation, making it difficult to quantify the overall economic impact of...

Seit mehr als zehn Jahren werden die Problemlagen durch das Überschreiten der planetaren Grenzen zunehmend offensichtlicher. Sie verdeutlichen mehr denn je die Dringlichkeit und Notwendigkeit einer Großen Transformation, die strukturelle Veränderungen einschließt. Die Große Transformation,...

In the absence of first-best climate policy, we demonstrate that existing government institutions and policy established for reasons unrelated to climate change may induce climate adaptation. We examine the impact of temperature on ambient ozone concentration in the United States from 1980-2013,...

We examine the persistence of the impact of early-life exposure to air pollution on children's health from birth to school enrollment using administrative public health insurance records covering one third of all children in Germany. For identification, we exploit air quality improvements caused...

We conduct a randomized controlled trial in Mexico City to determine willingness to pay (WTP) for SMS air quality alerts and to study the effects of air quality alerts, reminders, and a reusable N95 mask on air pollution information and avoidance behavior. At baseline, we elicit WTP for the...