The stagnancy of women's workforce participation in urban India is alarming and puzzling, considering the pace of economic development experienced in the previous decade. We investigate the extent to which the low workforce participation of women can be explained by growing instances of...

Are workplace smoking bans (WSBs) more than a ban on smoking? We study whether WSBs influence smoking cessation and exert behavioural spillover effects on (i) a set of health behaviours, and (ii) on individuals not directly affected by the bans. Drawing upon quasi-experimental evidence from...

This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue that this estimate constitutes a lower bound on...

The alcohol industry argues that alcohol excise taxes do not reduce heavy drinking because of substitutions to lower-cost products and that these taxes disproportionately burden low-income drinkers. Alternatively, some economists have argued that increases in alcohol excise taxes reduce heavy...

In May 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price on alcohol. We examine the impact of this policy on traffic fatalities and drunk driving accidents. Using administrative data on the universe of vehicle collisions in Britain and a range of quasi-experimental modeling approaches, we do not...

Alcohol has long been known as the demon drink; an epithet owed to numerous social ills associated with it. Our lab-in-the-field experiment assesses the extent to which intoxication leads to changes in overconfidence or cognitive ability that are often linked to problematic behaviours. Results...

Prohibition (1920-1933) in the United States is generally viewed as a period with a defined beginning and end. When one factors state and local bans into the discussion, however, the issue is much more complicated. Local prohibitions began in the 1830s andstate-level bans appeared in the 1850s....

This study presents associations between the perceived social rejection of sexual minorities and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption and unprotected sexual intercourse in the capital of Greece, Athens. This is the first Greek study to evaluate the concept of the minority stress theory on...

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the German Minimum Legal Drinking Age in reducing excessive drinking and alcohol-related hospital stays. We add to previous studies by looking at a considerably earlier cutoff at age 16, when teenagers in Germany gain legal access to beer, wine, and...

School shootings and other tragedies involving gun-violence have become commonplace in the United States. While much research has been conducted into the direct effects on affected individuals, less is known about community-level effects. We use data on grocery-store sales at the county-level to...

For thousands of years, the use of alcoholic beverages has been an intrinsic component of human culture. While existing research has documented the correlation between alcohol consumption and various health problems, the correlational evidence appears inconsistent and the causation has not yet...

Physically attractive individuals experience a range of advantages in adulthood including higher earnings; yet, how attractiveness influences earlier consequential decisions is not well understood. This paper estimates the effect of attractiveness on engagement in risky behaviours in...

Firms often sell a transparent base product and a valuable add-on product. If only some consumers are aware of the latter, the add-on's effect on the base product's price will be ambiguous. Cross-subsidization between products to bait uninformed consumers might lower, intrinsic utility from the...

This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue that this estimate constitutes a lower bound on...

While under communism the identity-providing religion was suppressed, religiosity is strong today even among the youth in post-communist countries. This provides an appropriate background to investigate how external and internal religiosity relates to risky behaviors like smoking, drinking, and...

This paper provides the first long-run assessment of adolescent alcohol control policies on later-life health and labor market outcomes. Our analysis exploits cross-state variation in the rollout of "Zero Tolerance" (ZT) Laws, which set strict alcohol limits for drivers under age 21 and led to...

In May 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price on alcohol. We examine the impact of this policy on traffic fatalities and drunk driving accidents. Using administrative data on the universe of vehicle collisions in Britain and a range of quasi-experimental modeling approaches, we do not...

Greek-letter student social groups, better known as fraternities and sororities, are a ubiquitous feature on many American higher education campuses. These organizations, especially fraternities, have a reputation for encouraging unruly and improper behavior among both members and non-members....

This study presents associations between the perceived social rejection of sexual minorities and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption and unprotected sexual intercourse in the capital of Greece, Athens. This is the first Greek study to evaluate the concept of the minority stress theory on...

In March of 2017 Utah became the first state in the United States to lower the legal blood alcohol content (BAC) for driving from 0.08 to 0.05 g/dL. We take advantage of the fact that enforcement was delayed until 2019 to test whether this policy change significantly affected the number of...

An address to the Ōtara community, delivered on 5 May 2010. The address provides an overview of the Law Commission’s review of New Zealand’s liquor laws. It discusses a range of issues identified during consultation with the Ōtara community, including the density of alcohol outlets in...

This research on public drinking-related conflict and violence has studied the views and experience of security officers and young male drinkers in the Newcastle/Hunter areas of New South Wales, Australia. These participants were recruited non-randomly into different focus groups, and...

An address to the Alcohol Advisory Council's “Working Together” conference, delivered on 15 May 2009. The address focuses on the health and injury-related consequences of alcohol consumption, from foetal alcohol disorders to chronic diseases. It argues that the risks associated with alcohol...

This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue that this estimate constitutes a lower bound on...

Marijuana prohibition ended in Canada in 2018 when marijuana was legalized at the federal level. Marijuana prohibition in the United States has de factor ended in a large percentage of states as marijuana has been legalized at the state level (even while it remains illegal under federal law)....

Due to that manganese-based Prussian blue analogues (Mn-PBAs) have a rigid and open 3D framework and adjustable redox potential, coupled with nontoxic nature, they could be effectively applied in various medicinal and biomedical fields. In this study, we reported the nanozyme activity of Mn-PBA...

The high-selectivity solar-driven catalytic production of value-added fuels, such as liquid alcohol from CO 2 , represents an ideal energy storage and conversion pathway. However, catalysts facilitating a practical CO 2 reduction approach are currently unavailable. The present work addresses...

This work aims to up gradation of pyrolytic oil, produced from Delonix Regia Pod (DRP) through batch type pyrolysis process. During the process the yield rate of pyrolytic oil yield is maximum at 450°C and above 450°C, the yield rate of syngas increases than pyrolytic oil. Though the pyrolytic...

A stable, low-cost, and reusable Co nanoparticles catalyst imbedded in nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (Co@C-N) for selective catalytic hydrogenation (CHG) of furfural (FF) to furfuryl alcohol (FA) has been exploited. The catalyst is directly derived from 2-methylimidazole modified ZIF-67 MOFs...

The study of consumer attitudes is particularly important for products related to tradition. Despite the fact that pálinka is Hungary's national drink, the preferred alcoholic drink is the homemade distillate, which is primarily legally different from pálinka and cannot be marketed. This...

Highly efficient synthesis of 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO) from industrialized biomass-based products is still a challenge due to the inherent chemical stability of intermediate product γ-valerolactone. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the influence of synthetic conditions of CuMgAl...

An ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) support was prepared by a hard template method using cellulose (C source) and SBA-16 (silica source) as templates. The silica-carbon composite was treated with 10% HF to completely remove silica from the composite to create a mesoporous nature. Afterwards, Zr...

The pure and silver nitrate-doped polyvinyl alcohol films were synthesized using Dip Coating method. The effect of different concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) on the electrical and optical properties of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were investigated. The synthesized composite films were...

Extensive application on metal chalcogenide in the field of catalyst has led us to present a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of hybrids consisting of nickel sulfide in form of Ni3S4-NiS (NN) and hybrids of this catalyst with reduced graphene oxide (Ni3S4–NiS-rGO). After accurate physical...

This study analyzes the results of a randomized control trial in thirty villages of rural western Kenya. The intervention combined several days of community group counseling with two weeks of household therapy sessions with cohabiting spouses in which at least one spouse is alcohol using. Using...

Marginal prices fell, and disposable incomes increased, for drug and alcohol consumers during the pandemic. Most of the amount, timing, and composition of the 240,000 deaths involving alcohol and drugs since early 2020 can be explained by income effects and category-specific price changes. For...

The effects of beer prices, alcohol availability, and policies related to driving under the influence of alcohol on drinking and binge drinking among youths and young adults are estimated using data from a nationally representative survey of students in U.S. colleges and universities. Drinking...

This paper examines a natural experiment in which students at a large state university were randomly assigned roommates through a lottery system. We find that on average, males assigned to roommates who reported drinking in the year prior to entering college had one quarter-point lower GPA than...

We examine whether information manipulation by firms may reflect fundamental cooperation conventions induced by social norms in China. Consistent with this notion, we find that China’s leading social norms related to alcohol consumption and social drinking enhance earnings manipulation. An...

Are workplace smoking bans (WSBs) more than a ban on smoking? We study whether WSBs influence smoking cessation and exert behavioural spillover effects on (i) a set of health behaviours, and (ii) on individuals not directly affected by the bans. Drawing upon quasi-experimental evidence from...