Migration poses both an opportunity and a challenge for the EU, as it offers a solution to labor shortages and demographic imbalances, but also creates social and economic pressure. A fairer distribution of refugees among EU member states, considering age and education level, can optimize labor...

The note first discusses the main pillars of financial securityat older ages before focusing on the status of contributory and noncontributory (orsocial) pension systems in developing countries. It highlights worrying under-coverage ofcontributory pension systems in the face of persistent labor...

Will ageing societies in Europe lead to a new savings glut? To address this potential consequence of demographic change, we assess the relationship between population ageing and safe assets in the euro area, using data from the Eurosystem's Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS). Our...

Faced with fiscal pressures and labor shortages from ageing populations, Advanced Economies need to ease obstacles to longer working lives. In this paper, we discuss recent developments in employment and activity of workers aged 55 and above in Spain and the UK-two countries that differ widely...

Assistance with daily activities is crucial for persons living with dementia and disabilities, yet many face significant challenges in accessing adequate care and support. Using harmonized longitudinal survey data (2012-2018) from the United States, England, 18 European countries and Israel, and...

This study examines the effect of population aging on corporate cash holdings using a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2021. These results indicate that population aging increases corporate cash holdings. The mechanism analysis suggests that increased labor adjustment costs...

The Chinese government announced the pilot of public long-term care insurance (LTCI) policy in 2016. While most studies focus on LTCI's effects on labor supply and retirement behavior, its effect on retirement intentions, which offer certain advantages over actual behavior, remains unclear. This...

This study quantitatively examined the role of middle-aged and older professionals in innovation. Using data from 126 domestic startups obtained through a proprietary survey, we investigated the relationship between age diversity among startup founders and innovation performance. This study...

Using an artefactual field experiment, we elicit revealed preferences for solidarity of different age groups toward the same and other age groups among a large, diverse Dutch population sample. Preferences are measured with a solidarity game and linked to a unique administrative database,...

This report is one of two reports on the management of pension wealth in retirement conducted as part of the Pensions Review, led by the Institute for Fiscal Studies in partnership with the abrdn Financial Fairness Trust. In this report, we examine the decisions that older individuals face as...

This paper describes a novel method for the comparative estimation of long-term care needs, care arrangements and care gaps. Our approach generalizes an Austrian administrative procedure for the assessment of care needs and uses data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe...

As populations in Asia and Europe face unprecedented levels of ageing, the demand for long-term care (LTC) is escalating, thereby challenging the sustainability of social protection systems. This paper employs a novel dynamic microsimulation model to project LTC demand and supply in Austria and...

Population ageing will reshape economies around the world, with particular implications for longterm care (LTC) systems. As a result of past fertility decline, reflected in high levels of childlessness and smaller family networks, the growing demand for care is confronted by a declining supply...

Estimates of social insurance pension wealth are available for a number of Western economies, including Austria for the year 2017. Such wealth may be compared with conventional wealth in terms of size and distribution and when we add such estimates to measures of wealth in the conventional...

Using an artefactual field experiment, we elicit revealed preferences for solidarity of different age groups towards the same and other age groups among a large and heterogeneous sample of the Dutch population. Preferences are elicited with a solidarity game and linked to a rich and unique...

Korea's National Pension Fund (NPF) is projected to be in deficit by the 2040s and exhausted by the 2050s. Increasing contribution rates may be unaffordable, prompting consideration of structural reforms, particularly shifting from a defined benefit (DB) to a defined contribution (DC) system....

This study investigates the contribution of Mozambique's flagship social pension programme, the Programa de Subsídio Social Básico, to building resilience against shocks. Applying a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to bespoke survey data, we separate direct effects of programme...

This paper aims to facilitate a more nuanced understanding of regional disparities in the population age structure at a local scale by applying a recent method for visualizing these disparities. Utilizing data from the three most recent population censuses in Greece, this method applies advanced...

This paper analyses the long-term care system in the context of Spain's aging population from a comparative and multilevel perspective. Starting with the European regulatory framework, it examines the main characteristics of long-term care systems in Europe and the challenges of establishing a...

In this paper, we advance the network theory of aging and mortality by developing a causal mathematical model for the mortality rate. First, we show that in large networks, where health deficits accumulate at nodes representing health indicators, the modeling of network evolution with Poisson...

Publicly funded pension systems are facing the challenge of remaining financially sustainable without lowering pensions. Raising the statutory retirement age gradually in line with the increase in life expectancy has been a key measure to solve the problem. The implicit assumption is that the...

Global population aging trends are intensifying, presenting multifaceted economic and social challenges for countries worldwide. As the world's largest developing country, China has entered a phase of extreme demographic aging, posing significant questions about its impact on the ongoing...