Border procedures around the globe can act as barriers hindering international trade. Another impact of these procedures relates to their economic resource costs. In this study, using a microeconomic framework of international trade, the potential economic gains are estimated for reductions in...

La nueva generación de estándares de sostenibilidad para la minería, muchos de ellos aún en desarrollo, dan un tratamiento más integral a las temáticas ambientales y sociales, ampliándose hacia aspectos tales como las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, los impactos sobre la...

This paper applies an agnostic structural vector autoregression (SVAR) approach to study the response of four Andean economies (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru) to international shocks. More specifically, we look at the response of gross domestic product, the real exchange rate, fiscal and...

This chapter traces the main sustainability trends of the five countries analyzed in this book. The starting point is to understand sustainability as main measure of development, diminishing the role of GDP or Income. In order to address these concerns, the chapter utilizes mainstream indicators...

"Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world, but its benefits, including economic gain, are not felt by the majority of the country's inhabitants. distributed evenly. The Living Inca Town provides a rich case study of tourism in Ollantaytambo, a rapidly developing destination in the...

Introducción -- Capítulo 1. Usos múltiples del agua: la realidad de las zonas rurales colombianas -- Capítulo 2. Prácticas de uso de agua de los campesinos para sus actividades productivas de subsistencia -- Capítulo 3. Principios, objetivos y líneas de acción estratégicas de los...

This paper studies the pro-poor growth in the Latino American Andean countries. We first present different definitions of pro-poorness and the related methods in order to generate the statistically robust results for classes of pro-poor measures. Also, we present the non anonymous pro-poor...

The rise of China as an important commercial partner of the Andean Community countries entailed several challenges for the regional project. On the one hand, the increase of Chinese goods flowing into the region caught the attention of national authorities, which increased the initiation of...

This paper examines the current role of the Court of Justice of the Andean Community (CJAC), in the settlement of investment disputes between foreign investors and host states. It also embarks on a prospective analysis of the role that CJAC could have on the resolution of such conflicts, in the...

"This book explores what development banks, governments, and communities have learned in the last decade of careful negotiation between social and environmental protections in the Andean Amazon, and the pressures of a surging infrastructure and development boom. While mega-dams, highways and...

"This book uses a multi-method approach to examine local experience of contemporary mining development in the Peruvian Andes, creating an understanding of the transformations that rural societies experience in this context. Mining is a major component of economic growth in many resource endowed...

Results from this study of three Andean countries cast doubt on the argument that countries may benefit from regional integration arrangements because of industry and cross-industry effects of scale. Unilateral liberalization might have a more positive impact on output growth, through the...

The Andean Court of Justice (hereinafter the ACJ) has shown its interest in respecting the international obligations incumbent on Member States as parties to other treaties by considering these as sources of law in the Andean Community. The ACJ has also shown a certain openness to international...

This article analyzes definitions that come from legal doctrine and are applicable to case law at the Colombian Supreme Court - Criminal Chamber on IP protection. The source was the case law from the Supreme Court and from the Andean Tribunal of Justice. The research did not pretend to deep into...

Social movements have been viewed as vehicles through which the concerns of poor and marginalised groups are given greater visibility within civil society, lauded for being the means to achieve local empowerment and citizen activism, and seen as essential in holding the state to account and...

This article studies the symmetry in reactions of the Andean Community of Nations (CAN) economies to external shocks in order to analyze the group's evolution towards economic integration. The undertaking of a Monetary Union project in South America enhances the usefulness of evaluating shocks...

This paper analyzes the social, ethnic and regional determinants of child malnutrition, as well as the effects of access to health services in the Andean region, by comparing conditions in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. These three countries are marked by a high prevalence of stunting and by wide...

This paper evaluates the open regionalism approach using the case of Ecuador?s trade liberalization and integration to the Andean Community. In the open regionalism view, regional economic agreements are seen as intermediate steps towards integration with the world economy. In a dynamic view of...

Together with a handful of countries at the global level, a number of economies in the Andean region stand out by their innovative and rapid advances in the design and implementation of macroprudential financial regulations, that is, regulations that take into account financial risks generated...

El Protocolo de Madrid de 27 de junio de 1989 es una herramienta útil para el registro internacional de marcas, pues es evidente que los países miembros del Protocolo tienen ventajas comparativas respecto a los otros que no son parte, esto en relación con el mejoramiento de la protección...

Due to the world’s rising energy demand and political instability in Middle East, the importance of resource-abundant countries in Latin America is being emphasized. This is especially true in the case of three Andean countries, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Bolivia, which remain to be a major...