The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a cornerstone policy of the European Union, increasingly focused on promoting environmentally sustainable practices. In 2014, the CAP introduced Greening payments and a crop diversification requirement to enhance soil resilience and mitigate ecosystem...

This paper develops a tractable integrated assessment model of the two-way interaction between biodiversity and the economy. To capture the main causes of biodiversity loss and the economic harm from it, we focus on agriculture and its expansion at the expense of forest land. We answer the...

Biodiversity is essential for ecological stability, human well-being, and economic progress, providing critical ecosystem services such as clean water, food, and climate regulation. However, it faces unprecedented threats, with extinction rates accelerating to 1,000 times the natural baseline...

The Blue Solutions for Africa series of operational briefs captures how a thriving Blue Economy can help African countries better manage the development challenges they face while supporting economic growth, sustainable livelihoods, and the health of these precious ecosystems

This study examines the market reaction to the approval of the Nature Restoration Law, a key component of the EU Biodiversity Strategy, and its implications for biodiversity-related financial risks. Using an event study methodology, we analyze the equity price movements of companies listed in...

This report introduces the Protected Area Management Effectiveness (PAME) and the Protected Area Governance and Equity (PAGE) concepts and most frequently used tools and then provides guidelines on the usage of the relative web modules of the BIOPAMA Reference Information System (RIS) developed...

We study the economic effects of the interaction of nature loss and climate change in a model that incorporates important aspects of both processes. We capture the distinct ways in which they affect economic activity—with nature constituting a key factor of production and climate change...

This paper explores inclusive conservation through the lens of critical localism, examining the complex power dynamics between conservation efforts and Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPLCs). It addresses how conservation has evolved from exclusionary 'fortress conservation' approaches...

Biodiversity is unequivocally declining and chemical pollution is a major driver of its loss. Ecotoxicological studies report various effects of chemicals at different levels of biological organization, mostly individual and sub-organismal levels, while biodiversity is typically measured by...

The effectiveness of management and conservation actions relies, among others, on the availability of biodiversity data. For these data to be effectively utilized, their accuracy, completeness, and accessibility are prerequisites and thus various datasets focusing on different aspects and levels...

The European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) mandates Member States (MS) to report on the conservation status of species and habitats listed under Annexes I, II, IV, and V every six years. The latest Article 17 reports cover the period from 2013 to 2018, with MS submitting their reports...

Marine mammals and other marine megafauna are subject to a variety of impacts related with human activities. Among those, the collisions with vessels (generally known as ship strikes, or vessel strikes) are a significant source of death and severe injuries for large cetacean species, such as fin...

This brochure highlights the urgent need to address the interconnected crises of biodiversity loss, climate change, and pollution through transformative change. Anchored in frameworks like the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the EU Green Deal, transformative change emphasises...

Each year FORENV - the EU Foresight System for Emerging Environmental Issues - identifies and characterises 10 priority emerging issues of potential importance to the European environment and environmental policy. In its sixth cycle (2023-24) FORENV explored emerging risks and opportunities for...

This research examines the challenges faced by the BRICS countries, with a specific focus on issues surrounding energy production and environmental degradation. It investigates the potential of green financing and knowledge-for-money exchange to accelerate the transition to sustainable energy...

The 2nd Preparatory Action on Smart Rural Areas in the 21st Century (Smart Rural 27 project) was launched by the European Commission on 21 December 2020 with the aim to "prepare Member States and rural communities to the implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) post-2020 as well as...

This working group report from the Green Deal Projects Support Office provides a compelling overview of innovative projects aimed at tackling climate change and biodiversity loss across Europe. Highlighting key achievements and collaborative efforts, this update delves into wildfire management,...